Transcript Unit 1 Review - Hicksville Public Schools

Final Review
UNIT 1
The Earth
Do Now: please take out pink review packets
HW: Final Exam Thursday January 22, 2015
Review Packet Unit 2- Natural Disasters
Biosphere
Parts of the hydrosphere, lithosphere, and
atmosphere where life exists
Lithosphere
The solid part of Earth
• Igneous Rocks: formed
from volcanoes
• Sedimentary Rocks:
80% of rocks on Earth,
formed under water,
layers
• Metamorphic Rocks:
formed by heat and
pressure
Plate Tectonics
• Convergent: two plates collide, forms mountains
• Subduction: ocean plates goes under less dense
continental plate, forms volcanoes, earthquakes,
trenches
• Divergent: two plates moving apart, forms mid
ocean ridge
• Transform fault: two plates slide past eachother
causing an earthquake, ex- San Andreas fault in
California
Hydrosphere
water part of Earth, ex: oceans, lakes, glaciers,
streams
The Water Cycle
o Evaporation: Water changes from liquid to gas when
temperature increases
o Condensation: Water changes from gas to liquid, formation of
clouds
o Precipitation: rain, snow, sleet, hail
o Run-off: Water moves from a high elevation (mountain) into a
body of water (ocean, lake)
o Transpiration: The release of water vapor from plants
o Groundwater: Water is absorbed into the ground
Atmosphere
The gases surrounding us
Weather
Factors Affecting Weather
1. Temperature
2. Wind
3. Humidity
4. Cloud cover
Clouds
 Cirrus: feathery, wispy, end of clear weather
 Cumulus: cottony, good weather
 Stratus: layered, light rain or snow
 Nimbus: rain cloud
Air Masses
Properties determined
by where it develops
• Continental polar:
cold and dry
• Maritime polar: cool
and moist
• Continental arctic:
bitterly cold and dry
• Continental tropical:
warm and dry
• Maritime tropical:
warm and moist
Fronts
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Boundary between two air
masses
Cold: cold air moving towards
warm air, blue triangles
Warm: warm air moving
towards cold air, red scallops
Occluded: cold front overtakes
a warm front, alternating cold
and warm symbols facing the
same way
Stationary: warm and cold air
pushing against eachother but
neither one is strong enough
to move the other, alternating
cold and warm symbols facing
opposite directions
Gases
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•
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Nitrogen: 78%
Oxygen: 21%
Argon: 0.9%
Carbon Dioxide: 0.03%
Layers
o Troposphere: layer
surrounding us, where
weather occurs,
temperature decreases
o Stratosphere: ozone layer
 Ozone: protects us from
UV rays
o Mesosphere: temperature
decreases
o Thermosphere: temperature
increases