Transcript Heat Transfer in Atmosphere 2014

Do Now For Thursday, October 18, 2012
• Explain the positions of the Earth, moon and
sun during a solar eclipse.
• Explain the positions of the Earth, moon and
sun during a lunar eclipse.
• Draw a picture of a spring tide.
Do Now for 10 – 11 – 12!
• It’s the middle of winter and the heat has
stopped working in your house. DISCUSS three
ways you could stay warm in this situation.
“Do Now” for Monday, Oct. 15
• Hypothesize: Which would heat up faster on a warm
sunny day, the water in a lake or the sandy beach
around it?
• Which will cool off faster after the sun goes down?
Do Now for Tuesday, October 16
• Mr. Van Etten has three machines he is using
to make popcorn. Use science terms from
chapter 16 to describe what types of heat is
each one producing in the process of making
this treat?
Do Now for Monday, September 29th
Which is cooler on a hot, sunny day, a
parking lot or a field of grass?
EXPLAIN WHY!!!
Heat Energy and Energy Transfer
Thermal (heat) Energy
We are learning to: describe how thermal energy transfers occur in the atmosphere an
ocean .
We are looking for how energy from the sun is transferred by radiation, conduction and
convection to the atmosphere and ocean.
Energy Transfer
We are learning to: explain the relationship between thermal energy to the formation
of both atmospheric and ocean currents.
We are looking for; explain how currents form from thermal energy transfers that occur
in the atmosphere and oceans.
Electromagnetic waves travel
through space and deliver energy to
our atmosphere.
The term “RADIATION” is used to
describe electromagnetic energy.
• .
Electromagnetic waves can be
measured by the length of the wave
(wave length).
This figure shows the sun’s
electromagnetic waves and include
visible light waves.
• Infrared, ultraviolet and visible light waves
make up most of the sun’s energy reaching
the Earth.
The visible light spectrum is ROY – G- BIV
• These are colors you can see in a rainbow.
• Colors we see in visible light are reflected colors.
Those we do not see are absorbed by the object.
• Red and Orange have the longest wavelengths
• Blue and Violet have the shortest wavelengths
In the middle of the day, the sky
appears blue due to “scattered visible
light.”
• Gas molecules in our atmosphere help to
scatter short wavelength light so the
afternoon sky looks blue or violet.
At dawn or dusk, the sky and clouds can look
orange or red because the blue light spectrum is
removed at these times
Much of this infrared energy in our atmosphere is absorbed
by water vapor (clouds), CO2 and other gases. This heat is held
around Earth in a “GREENHOUSE EFFECT.”
The Greenhouse Effect is a natural process that has kept
temperatures suitable to support life on Earth for thousands
and millions of years!
Human impact over the past 200 years has added more and
more CO2 to our atmosphere causing global temperatures to
increase.
Thermal Heat
• Energy and Temperature: The molecular
movement (energy) of a substance can be
described as movement of molecules. This
heat energy is referred to as THERMAL HEAT!
Energy in motion of molecules.
Temperature is the average amount of motion energy
of each molecule of a substance. Temperature is
basically how hot or cold a substance is.
Temperature is measured with a
thermometer!
• Two scales are often found on thermometers:
• Freezing
Boiling
• Fahrenheit
32
212
• Celsius
0
100
• In science, we use the Celsius scale to
measure temperatures.
Heat travels from hotter objects to cooler
objects in three ways.
• Radiation!
• Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves.
Examples include the sun, a campfire, microwave
oven or nuclear radiation. Similar to the sun, the
Earth gives off or radiates heat. Do living things
radiate heat?
Conduction!
• The direct transfer of heat from one substance to
another (touching).Examples include feet on hot
sand, a hand warmer, a pot on a stove, heat
passing through the Earth.
Convection!
• The transfer of heat through a fluid (gas or
liquid). Hot air vent (furnace blower), hair
dryer, clothes dryer, “convection oven –
stove,” hot air popcorn popper.
All three processes are at work in our
troposphere.
• Most of the heat transfer in our troposphere
comes from convection.
• Closer to the ground, the air gets warmer. The
warm air rises and becomes denser and then
sinks back. A cycle of warming and cooling
occurs.