Transcript Key Idea #19 The water cycle

Key Idea #19 The water cycle is the continuous movement
of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.
Earth’s hydrosphere includes

all of the Earth's water,
including
surface water:
– water in oceans, lakes, and
rivers
groundwater:
– water in soil and beneath the
Earth's surface
snow cover, ice, and
water/water vapor in the
atmosphere
Evaporation occurs when the sun heats up water in
rivers, lakes, and oceans and turns it from liquid water to
water vapor as it enters the atmosphere.
sawater.com.au


The water vapor (or steam
changing to water vapor)
leaves the river, lake, or
ocean and goes into the air.
The cooling temperatures in
the upper atmosphere
cause the water vapor to
change state and condense
as a liquid.
sawater.com.au
Transpiration occurs when
plants absorb water from
the soil and move it through
the plant to all parts of the
plant.
 Excess water leaves the
plant through openings in
the leaves.

http://www.apm-realty.com/7as-artesian/images/Transpiration.jpg
Condensation takes place high in the atmosphere
resulting in cloud formation.
Clouds form when water vapor
rises and cools, collecting
around particles of dust, smoke,
or salt to form water droplets.
 Clouds grow by colliding and
combining with other droplets in
the atmosphere. As the droplets
grow larger, they move faster
and collect more small droplets.

http://www.weatherquestions.com/Cloud_formation_convective.gif
Types of Clouds
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_mtknt2zMG2g/S-mTd8b7uWI/AAAAAAAAAE8/UkNWBKydIO0/s1600/cloudtypes.gif&imgrefurl=http://samantha6weather.blogspot.com/&usg=__UlIpGD7wORsb2CtZnHSw3cp6Jys=&h=490&w=725&sz=68&hl=en&start=197&zoom=1&tbnid=ntMxw2WCd0G80M:&tbnh=99&tbnw=146&ei=zBu0TcO9Lo_BtgewkN3pDg&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dcloud%2Bformation%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%
26sa%3DN%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D567%26tbm%3Disch0%2C5665&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=704&vpy=267&dur=125&hovh=184&hovw=273&tx=175&ty=113&page=14&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:11,s:197&biw=1020&bih=567
Condensation also takes place at ground level resulting in
fog formation.

Fog over land develops when
warm, moist (humid) air comes
in contact with the Earth’s colder
surface and cools to the dew
point.

Fog over water develops when
warm, moist (humid) air comes
in contact with cooler, drier air
and cools to the dew point.
http://www.crh.noaa.gov/jkl/?n=fog_types
FYI:
The dew point
temperature is the
air temperature
where the moisture
in the air begins to
condense or
change from a
vapor to a liquid.

For precipitation to
occur, cloud droplets
or ice crystals must
grow heavy enough
to fall through the air.
Photo taken while driving through a tornado warning in
Tennessee.
Runoff occurs when rain
falls on saturated or
impervious ground and
flows downhill over the
ground rather than
soaking in.


Infiltration occurs when
precipitation remains in
the shallow soil layer,
then moves through the
soil and subsurface.
Eventually the water
enters a stream by
seepage or filters down
to become groundwater.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://myecoproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/water%2Bcycle.jpg&imgrefurl=http://myecoproject.org/get-involved/water-conservation/ways-to-conserve-water/&usg=__hSm44x7TysDmgEUqe3T9aFL6iA=&h=459&w=669&sz=85&hl=en&start=167&zoom=1&tbnid=f7KkMRVqeIe3bM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=155&ei=pRLDTcOeGYLgiAKUuWUAw&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dthe%2Bwater%2Bcycle%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1003%26bih%3D567%26site%3Dsearch%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=437&page=12&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:13,s:167&tx=74&ty=32
Groundwater Formation
Rain soaks into the
ground until it
reaches layers of
bedrock with cracks
in it or clay that has
tiny particles that
are packed closely
together.

Groundwater fills the
spaces between soil,
rocks, and sand,
creating an aquifer.
The groundwater stays within the aquifers in the
ground until
it seeps out as a
spring.
 it connects to rivers or
lakes.
 people use it by
digging wells.

http://jnuenvis.nic.in/subject/freshwater/groundwater.htm
Water Cycle Video (4 min)
A watershed is the land area that
is drained by a river.
Streams and rivers that
join another stream or
river become a larger
watershed.
 One watershed is divided
from another watershed
by a ridge or rise in the
land.

The Muskegon River Watershed
Michigan Watersheds