Transcript Chapter 25 - Cloudfront.net

Warm up Activity
• Warm up question: What is a wave cyclone
• Exit: What is the difference between a
Hurricane and a Typoon
• Homework – Vocabulary page 518; define and
give one fact. Due 2/27
– Review Questions page 501. Due 2/25
– Review Questions page 508. Due 2/26
4/9/2016
Link
Essential question
I will be able to compare the
characteristic weather patterns of
cold fronts with those of warm
fronts
Homework
1.Vocabulary page 518; define and give one fact.
Due 2/27
2.Review Questions page 501. Due 2/25
4/9/2016
3.Review Questions page 508. Due 2/26
Chapter 25 section 1 Vocabulary: define and write sentences or
pictures: page 518
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Air Mass
Maritime Polar
Maritime Tropical
Continental Polar
Continental Tropical
Front
Cold front
Squall line
Warm front
Stationary front
Occluded front
Polar front
4/9/2016
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Wave cyclones
Anticyclones
Hurricane
Typhoons
Thunderstorm
Tornado
Waterspouts
Bimetal thermometer
Thermograph
Electrical thermometer
Wind vane
Radar
Station model
isobars
Section 25.1
Cornell Notes
• Air Masses
4/9/2016
• Form because warm air rises at the
equators and cold air sinks at the poles.
There are 3 convection cells in the
Northern Hemisphere and 3 in the
Southern Hemisphere.
• The Earth’s rotation and land masses
cause wind to blow in different directions.
• In areas with small pressure differences,
the air will stay long enough to develop a
uniform temp and humidity. i.e. deserts,
oceans, and polar areas.
Section 25.1
Cornell Notes
• Types of Air
Masses
4/9/2016
• Classified by the source region;
Polar is cold and labeled “P”,
Tropical are warm and labeled “T”,
Masses that form over land are
continental and labeled “c”, Masses
that form over oceans are maritime
and labeled “m”.
• These air masses can stay over the
source region for days but will move
because of wind and the Earth
rotation eventually.
Section 25.1
Cornell Notes
• North American
Air Masses
• Affected by seven regions, but the
air can change as it moves away
from it’s source region.
• Polar Air Masses • 3 polar masses influence North
America; continental polar Canadian
(cP), maritime polar Pacific (mP),
maritime polar Atlantic
• Canadian moves southeast off the
Canadian ice into The United States
and can moves as far south as the
Gulf.
4/9/2016
Section 25.1
Cornell Notes
• Polar Air Masses • The Pacific air mass forms in the
waters near Alaska. Very moist but
not extremely cold, in winter they
bring snow to the Pacific Coast and
in summer fog. Most moisture lost
crossing the mountains and bring
dry weather to the Mid U.S.
• The Atlantic air mass normally
moves off towards Europe, but
sometimes in the winter brings cold
cloudy weather to New England, in
the summer cool and foggy weather.
4/9/2016
Section 25.1
Cornell Notes
• Tropical Air
Masses
4/9/2016
• 4 influence North America; Continental
Tropical, maritime tropical gulf, maritime
tropical Atlantic, and maritime tropical
Pacific.
• cT comes from the Deserts of Northern
Mexico and bring clear, dry and very hot
weather.
• mT Atlantic and Gulf bring mild cloudy
weather in winter and hot humid weather,
thunderstorms and hurricanes in the
summer.
• mT pacific rarely reach the coast, but in the
winter can bring heavy rain and
thunderstorms.
Chapter 25 section 2 Vocabulary: define and
write sentences
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Front
Cold front
Squall line
Warm front
Stationary front
Occluded front
Polar front
Wave cyclones
4/9/2016
9. Anticyclones
10. Hurricane
11. Typhoons
12. Thunderstorm
13. Tornado
14. Waterspouts
Essential Question
• Compare the characteristic weather patterns of
cold fronts and warm fronts
4/9/2016
Section 25.2
• What is a Front
• What are the types of fronts
4/9/2016
Section 25.2
• Fronts
• Types of
Fronts
4/9/2016
• A boundary between
air masses
• Cold Front – Cold air overtakes warm
air and lifts the warm air – a squall line
forms on this front
• Warm Front – Warm air overtakes
cold and rises in a gradual slope
• Stationary Front – is when the air
masses are not displaced
• Occluded Front – is when a cold front
push the warm air completely off the
ground
Section 25.2
Cornell Notes
• What are Polar Fronts and Wave
Cyclones
4/9/2016
• Polar
Fronts
• Wave
Cyclones
4/9/2016
Section 25.2
Cornell Notes
• A Polar front circles the earth at 40 to 60
degrees latitude in both hemispheres.
• In winter it is in the Middle of North
America .
• In Summer it is North of the Great lakes
• The boundary along a polar front is
where wave cycles form. They can grow
to 2,500 km in diameter, with winds that
blow in an upward circle path around the
low pressure center. They have major
influences on our weather.
Section 25.2
• What are the Stages of a Wave
Cyclones
• What is an Anticyclones
4/9/2016
Section 25.2
• Stages of a
Wave
Cyclones
• Stage one there is a stationary front,
the winds move parallel to the front in
opposite directions.
• Stage two an intensifying low pressure
region develops along the front,
bringing stormy weather.
• Stage three last about 24 hours and
continues to move east in North
America. The process can restart.
• Anticyclones
• The anticyclone spins clockwise and
brings dry warm air to a region or fair
weather. The air is sinking
4/9/2016
Section 25.2
Cornell Notes
• Hurricanes• Has winds over 120 km/hr
• No more then 700 km in diameter
• A storm starts with warm moist air
evaporating from the ocean rapidly
• The release of latent heat increases
the rise of air
• Winds increase towards the eye
• The eye is clear and calm
• The danger is due to raising sea levels
and large waves.
4/9/2016
Section 25.2
• Thunderstorms • Lightning, thunder and strong winds
•
•
•
•
4/9/2016
accompany this type of storm.
High surface temperatures cause the
rapid rise of warm moist air.
In stage one a Cumulus clouds form
or Cumulonimbus.
Stage two is called the mature stage
and is when the storm becomes dark
cumulonimbus cloud with heavy
torrential rains
The final stage or dissipating is when
the storm has used the available water
vapor and the winds end.
Section 25.2
• Tornadoes
• Are the smallest, most violent and shortest lived
severe storms.
• Starts when a thunderstorm meets high altitude
horizontal winds.
• This may form a narrow, funnel shaped, rapidly
spinning extension that may move downward to
the ground.
• Not more than 100 m wide, path is destroyed.
• Winds can reach 400 km/hr
• Most common in an area called tornado alley in
the United States.
• When they form over water they are called
waterspouts and usually weaker.
4/9/2016
Chapter 25 section 3 Vocabulary: define and
write sentences
1. Bimetal thermometer
2. Thermograph
3. Electrical thermometer
4. Wind vane
5. radar
4/9/2016
Section 25.3
• Barometers, psychrometers, rain
• Weather
gauges, thermometer,
Instruments
anemometer, radiosonde and radar
• Measuring Air
• Celsius and Fahrenheit used in the
Temperature United States.
4/9/2016
• 3 types of thermometers
– Liquid use Mercury or Alchol to
determine the temperature
– Bimetal that expand or contract to
temperature, a thermograph measures
the temperature change
– Electrical use the flow of electric
current through certain materials
Section 25.3
• Measuring • An anemometer measures in m/sec,
MPH, or knots.
Wind Speed
and Direction • A wind vane tells you the direction the
wind comes from. The points into the
wind.
• Measuring • A radiosonde is attached to a helium
filled
balloon
to
measure
weather
upperconditions in the upper atmosphere
atmospheric
• Radar can also be used to detect
conditions
water droplets, Doppler can even give
direction
• Satellites can also be used to
measure cloud. Land and sea
4/9/2016
temperatures.
Chapter 25 section 4 Vocabulary: define and
write sentences
1.Station model
2.isobars
4/9/2016
Section 25.4
• Forecasting
the weather
4/9/2016
• History – more then 4,000 years of
trying to predict the weather
• The invention of the thermometer
and barometer made forecasting
possible
• In 1844 the telegraph made it so
data could be shared quickly
• 1870 the U.S. formed the Weather
forecasting agency, renamed the
National Weather Service
• Data is collected from around the
world every 6 hours
• Making a
Weather
Map
4/9/2016
Section 25.4
Cornell Notes
Section 25.4
4/9/2016
Section 25.4
• Types of
forecasting
• Two types daily and long term
• Daily – weather for the next 24
hours – local daily can be as much
as 5 days
• Long range forecast covers
monthly & seasonal outlooks
• Controlling
the weather • Cloud seeding has been used to
reduce the intensity of storms with
limited results.
• Some experimentation still
continues.
4/9/2016