Transcript Climate controls

Warm up 4/9
• Where did this air mass come from and
how did it get here?
Air mass
• Large body of air that has same qualities
through out
• Form by sitting over one large area for a
while
• Moisture , temperature
• Cold, warm, hot, super cold
• humid, dry
Types affecting USA
• mT – maritime tropical, warm, forms over
water
• cT – continental tropical over land, warm
• mP- maritme polar, over water, cold
• cP – cold over land
• Equitorial
• arctic
Fronts
• Boundary between air masses
• Cold front – cold air mass pushes into
warm air mass
• Warm front – warm pushes into cold
Remember - Cloud types/angle of
fronts
• Cold front – steep, cumulonimbus clouds
• Warm front – shallow, cirrus, altostratus,
nimbostratus
Station model
Tornados
• 1950’s US Weather Bureau
• Educate people on tornado science and
safety
• Warning system
• 1953, Waco, Texas was last time a single
tornado killed more than 100 people
remember
• 1953 was the last time over 100 people
died from a single tornado – Why?
remember
• Watch versus warning
• How are hurricanes and tornadoes alike?
Warm up
• What do meteorologists need to consider
when making forecasts?
Clouds
• Day – clouds block heat from sun
– Clouds allow heat to reach Earth
– Nights trap heat
– No clouds – heat escapes
• Front = boundary, cold/moist =
condensation - ppt
format
• Multiple choice – 16
• Station model, pg. 457,
• Open response – choose some
• Map - interpret
• What’s the difference between weather &
climate
Begin climate
climate
• Average conditions in an area over 30
years
Climate vs Weather
• Weather is the immediate conditions of the
atmosphere
• Temp
• Humidity
• Wind speed & direction
• Dew point
• Barometric pressure
• Cloud type & cover
Warm Ups
• What climate controls effect Boston’s
climate the most?
Climate controls
Landforms
Latitude
Land/water
Ocean/wind currents
Elevation
Landforms
• Mountain effect – air / moisture levels
change with altitude
• Winds are effected/blocked/formed by
mountains
Latitude
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Closer to equator get more solar radiation
Poles get less
Seasonality increases with latitude
Affects the length of day
Land/Water
• Land & water absorb & release heat at
different rates
• Form land & sea breezes
• Proximity to large bodies of water
moderates temperature extremes
Elevation
• Increase altitude, cooler air
Ocean/Wind Currents
• The water and the air are constantly
moving. The movement can be across, up,
or down. This process circulates cool or
warm air and water around Earth.
Warm up 4/30
• What evidence of climate change exists in
Boston?
Evidence of climate change
• Boston was covered by glaciers in ice
ages
• Roxbury Conglomerate, Franklin Park,
Mission Hill
• Glacial errata, moraines, ect..
• Jamaica Pond – kettle lake, formed by a
trapped chunk of ice as the ice retreated
after glaciation
El Nino
• El Nino – weather pattern caused by the
reversal of current in the Pacific ocean,
changing the direction of the winds, dry
areas get rain, humid areas get drought
What climate controls effect Boston
the most?
• Landforms
• Latitude
• Land/water
• Ocean/wind currents
• Elevation
• Vegetation
What things could change climate?
• Drought – only if longer than 30 years
• Volcano – if rate of eruptions change for a
more than 30 years
• Pangaea separating
Quest format
• Multiple choice
• Map
• Open response