Transcript Weather & Climate Review

Weather & Climate
Unit Review
Where do the cold, dry air masses
that move towards us usually
develop (come from)?
Canada
Which Local Wind is shown
below?
A Land Breeze:
At night the cooler air over the
land blows out to replace the
rising, warm air over the water
True or False?
Heat is transferred from warmer
objects to cooler objects.
True!
Heat is transferred from
warmer objects to cooler
objects
What is the most abundant gas in
the dry air in our atmosphere?
Nitrogen
What causes air & water to
appear to curve to the right
North of the equator & to
the left South of the
equator?
The Coriolis Effect
What is the windless area near the
equator that has rainy, cloudy
weather almost every afternoon?
Doldrums
What is the narrow belt of
strong winds that pilots use
when flying eastward to
save time & fuel?
Jet Stream
Which winds are responsible
for moving weather across
the U.S.?
Prevailing Westerlies
Name the storm:
Forms over warm, moist ocean
water as a low pressure system;
may last a week or longer;
loses strength as it crosses land
Hurricane
Which storms may form as
cold, dry air from Canada
meets warm, moist air from
the Gulf of Mexico?
Tornadoes
Which breeze is shown below?
Sea Breeze:
During the day, warm air rises
over the land, allowing the
cooler air from the water to
blow in.
What powers the water cycle?
The SUN!
Which step of the water cycle
is described below?
Water is heated and changes
from a liquid to a gas
Evaporation:
When water is heated and
changes from a liquid to a gas
Air pressure and density decrease
as ___________ increases,
making it harder to breathe high
up in the mountains.
Altitude
Which area on the Earth gets the
most direct sunlight (solar
radiation) all year long?
Near the equator
What is the protective envelope of
gases that surround Earth?
Atmosphere
What is the main reason that we
have four different seasons where
we live?
Because the Earth is tilted on its
axis so, different areas on Earth
are tilted towards the sun at
different times of the year.
In which layer of the atmosphere
does our weather take place?
Troposphere
Where do the warm, moist air
masses that move toward us
develop (come from)?
Gulf of Mexico
What provides Earth’s energy?
The Sun
What are the three things that can
happen to the energy that comes
from the sun?
Absorbed by the atmosphere
Absorbed by the land and water
Reflected by into space
What is the term that refers to the
pattern of weather that occurs in
an area over many years?
 Climate
 What are the three types of heat transfer that work
together to warm the troposphere?
 Conduction
 Convection
 Radiation
 What is the force pushing down on an area or
surface?
 Air pressure
 What is the natural process where gases hold heat in
the air under a “blanket” in the atmosphere, helping
to keep Earth’s temperature constant and
comfortable for living things?
 Greenhouse Effect
 What is the name of the currents created when warm
air rises and cooler air moves down—this cycle
repeats over and over to balance the changing
temperatures?
 Convection currents
 Where is the ozone layer found?
 In the Stratosphere
 Which layer of the atmosphere protects Earth from
most meteoroids?
 Mesosphere
 Which clouds are fluffy, rounded cotton-like clouds
that are seen on sunny days?
 Cumulus
 What is a huge body of air that has similar
temperature, humidity & air pressure at any height
called?
 Air mass
 What always follow lightning?
 Thunder
 Which storm forms from similar clouds that bring
thunderstorms, occur in the spring & summer, and
are described as whirling, funnel-shaped clouds that
reach from the storm cloud to the ground?
 Tornado
 Which air mass forms over oceans and may be
tropical or polar?
 Maritime
 Which term refers to any form of water that falls
from clouds and reaches Earth’s surface?
 Precipitation
 What is the name for the area in the mid U.S. where
as many as 800 tornadoes occur each year due to the
meeting of warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico
& cold, dry air from Canada?
 Tornado Alley
 How does hail form?
 Round pellets bounce around inside thunderstorm
clouds
 What is the name of the type of scientist who study
the causes of weather and try to make predictions
using maps, charts, and computers?
 Meteorologists
 Because the Earth’s axis is tilted, the seasons change
as different hemispheres receive more or less direct
sunlight. When it is winter in the southern
hemisphere, what season is it in the northern
hemisphere?
 Summer
 Which clouds are fluffy, rounded cotton-like clouds
that grow large, turn dark, and bring thunderstorms?
 Cumulonimbus
 Which type of front causes sudden thunderstorms as
dense air sinks under slow-moving warm fronts?
 Cold fronts
Which winds blow from the
poles?
Polar Easterlies