Transcript How are you going to SELL to me the factors that

How are you going to SELL to me
the factors that affect
temperature?
S
easonal Differences
•
The changing seasons not
only determine the length
of day and night but also
the angle at which the
sun’s rays reach the
earth’s surface
•
In December to February
the Southern Hemisphere is
tilted towards the sun.
•
From June to August, the
Northern Hemisphere is
tilted towards the sun
•
That’s why the Northern
Hemisphere’s seasons are
the exact opposite to ours.
E
levation (height above sea level)
• Because of their height,
mountain areas are
cooler than areas at
lower elevation.
• On average, the
temperature drops by
approximately 6.5°C for
every 1000 metres of
elevation.
L
atitude
• Solar energy has
twice the area to
heat at 60° north
and 60° south as it
does at the
equator.
• Therefore average
temperatures are
lower at higher
latitudes
L
ength of day and night
• Because the earth’s axis is
tilted at an angle of 23.5 °,
there are seasonal
differences in the number of
daylight hours.
• The shorter the day, the less
opportunity there is for the
earth and its atmosphere to
absorb heat.
Factors affecting
RAINFALL
Factors Affecting Rainfall
D.O.M.P
O Distance from the sea
O Ocean Currents
O Mountain Barriers
O Prevailing Winds
D.O.M.P: Distance from the sea
Winds carrying off the sea carry a lot of moisture.
Places near the coast often receive higher rainfall
than those further inland.
D.O.M.P: Ocean Currents
O Warm ocean currents
O Water evaporates quickly from warm ocean
currents
O  warm oceans have high evaporation rates
O Higher evaporation rates = more rainfall
O Cold ocean currents
O Water evaporates slowly from cold ocean
currents
O Cold ocean currents have lower evaporation
rates
O Lower evaporation rates = less rainfall
D.O.M.P: Mountain Barriers
• Mountains act as barriers against the movement of moist
air.
Rainfall and
moist air
Drier air and
less rainfall.
When warm, moist air is forced to rise, the temperatures cause the air to
lose much of its moisture as precipitation. The warm air cools and water
vapour turns into rain. The rain (or snow) falls on the windward side of
the mountain.
Orographic Rainfall
The air mass, now
drier, flows down
the leeward side of
the mountains
The air mass is
forced to rise as it
hits the mountain
and condenses
into clouds
The dry air mass becomes warmer, with little
chance of rain. Deserts are often found on the
leeward side of large mountain ranges
Warm moist air
approaches a
mountain barrier
Orographic
rainfall occurs
on the
windward side
of the
mountains
Kauai Hawaii
Leeward
side:
less rain
Windward side:
More rain 
waterfalls and
lush jungle
D.O.M.P: Prevailing Winds
O The prevailing wind is the direction that the wind
blows from most often.
O Winds take on the characteristics of their source
region. I.e. The temperature of the prevailing wind
is affected by the area it blows from and over
O When prevailing winds blow from and over warm
bodies of water, they often bring rain.
O Winds that blow from the sea or oceans often bring
rain to the coast and dry weather to inland areas.