Transcript Jet Streams, Fronts, Coriolis Effects Answer the questions

Jet Streams, Fronts,
Coriolis Effects
Answer the questions in this ppt on the
4-sided worksheet that contains a copy
of each question
!!!!!
Link for this ppt:
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1zNXSuYVIMHaBJBZmeDHccHDv0TY7u6t60o0Pb1m
THtA/edit?usp=sharing
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Sample Jet Stream on a winter weekend for North America
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“What is a ‘Jet Stream’?”
(p. 548 in text)
● Slim bands of high-speed winds
1. Use the Jet Stream/Airplane Travel article and an internet search to find out how
big and fast it is, plus the altitude at which it is found, and then write that for your
answer to this question.
- Accurate speeds and altitude: http://bit.ly/1gleUHi
- Use the article to describe thickness and width of Jet Stream
- Great info on page 548 of text
Don’t confuse the weather-related Jet Stream with the ultra-high altitude
Jet Stream discovered by scientists in the 1960’s and discovered by me
about 5 minutes ago (8 Mar, 2015) - http://1.usa.gov/1Bm6RWR
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“What is a ‘Jet Stream’?” (continued)
● The Jet Streams are in our upper
troposphere and lower 2.________sphere.
(the two lowest layers of the atmosphere.)
3. In which layer of the atmosphere do we live? (in book, or Google it)
4. Does a jet stream exist in the southern hemisphere? If so which way
does it move? (might want to answer this one after you look at slide 8)
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Why Pay Attention to the Jet Stream?
● Wherever the jet stream happens to be located is
where FRONTS typically form.
● FRONTS bring our “weather” to us.
6. Draw pictures of the map symbols that represent a warm front, cold front, and
stationary front, as they have been discussed in class (hope you kept your notes).
So if you want to know what the weather is going to
be like, it can help if you first identify the type of front
coming in, which can be partially determined by the
Jet Stream’s position.
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Polar Jet Streams
Form as the result of density
differences between cold polar air
and warm air of middle latitudes.
7. COLD DOESN’T EXIST as a scientific definition, what
should we write instead?
8. List 2 factors from your notes of our class discussion that
contribute to the differential heating that makes polar
regions generally colder than our latitude.
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Polar Jet Streams
Complete this Classzone interactive (ES1906) on the jet stream
and then answer the questions below: http://bit.ly/1MlLDx2
9. What do the AVERAGE positions of the jet stream in this picture show? Describe
the picture in words, and draw your own
version to support your description.
10. How do the 2 Jet Stream positions in the
picture relate to our AVERAGE summer and
winter weather in Michigan? (think!)
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Polar Jet Streams
● Separate warmer subtropical air from cooler polar air.
11. Use your textbook to make a little data chart that lists the types of air masses
and their average temperatures and moisture levels. (P. 576 in book)
● Polar Jet Streams move West to East b/c of Coriolis Effect in
both the northern and southern hemispheres. (p. 545 in text and slide 9)
● Recently, the Northern Polar Jet Stream has caused severe,
extended duration cold temperatures in the Midwest and
Northern U.S. ( watch http://bit.ly/1E09VX9 and this interactive version of
actual recent images of the Jet Stream: http://bit.ly/1Mjf7Kf )
● The Jet Stream is also combining with an El Nino event to
warm much of Alaska. (http://bit.ly/1E09VX9 and http://slate.me/1k4cwZ1 some predictions, like Chicago, Green Bay, and Toronto were wrong due to the
unusual Jet Stream pattern this winter, our coldest ever)
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Coriolis Effect and Wind/Air Travel
Read about the Coriolis Effect in your textbook on page 545.
12. What is the Coriolis Effect?
13. What causes the Coriolis Effect?
14. In which direction do our LONG DISTANCE winds curve due to the Coriolis Effect?
15. Watch and describe these classzone animations: http://bit.ly/1A5ZQFY and
http://bit.ly/1AUddZK
16. On page 547, you can see the wind circulation cells. Notice that the easterlies,
_________________, and trade winds move to the right of the direction of the wind in
the circulation cells in the northern hemisphere. In which direction do those winds move
in the southern hemisphere?_______________
17. P. 547: Does the pattern for the trade winds in the N and S hemispheres at the
equator work well to keep them from “fighting” each other as they circle the globe?
18. P. 547: Which way do the trade winds go?
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General Questions
19. Why does the atmosphere get thicker (taller, not denser) when you move
from the poles to the equator? (simplest reason, think about the air warming)
20. Looking back at the global winds on page 547, which ones “agree” with the
path of the Jet Stream?
21. Knowing that they use the differential heating of the earth to form, what
might happen to global circulation cells and wind belts if the temperatures of
the earth’s surface waters and land temps change as part of climate change?
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26. (I moved this slide up at the last minute) Colder air
has been moving into Michigan lately. What is pulling
that Arctic air down?
●
Temperature differences between the Arctic and Midwest
temperatures makes a pressure field that confines the jet
stream to a tight band around the Arctic
● As the Arctic melts, the temp. difference is reduced.
● The meanders of the jet stream become more pronounced
(more noticeably sluggish and also bigger.)
● The more often those meanders occur, the more persistent the
regional warmth where the jet stream pulls warm Gulf air
northward, and regional cold where it pulls Arctic air south.
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22. “What is a Subtropical Jet Stream?”
● Forms in subtropical regions where warm air meets
cold air.
● Subtropical jet streams have little change in speed
and/or direction throughout the year, and are not
wavering anything like the Polar Jet Streams have done
in the past, and certainly
not like they are wavering
for the past 2 years of
unusual winters in the
northern hemisphere.
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Jet Streams and Travel
Complete the Classzone on the “First
Successful Nonstop Balloon Flight around the
World”: http://bit.ly/182puEU (es 1908)
- Be sure to answer the 11 questions as you
go along!!!
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“Soooo, who cares?”
● AVIATION ORGANIZATIONS: Polar jet streams
can cause issues with airplane routes
(possibly good or bad, based on direction of the
plane and how strong the plane’s engines are.)
24. It also affects the paths of
storms, so it’s of interest to. _____
25. Watch the video about Japanese
bombs in WWII. (click on “Japanese”)
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To sum it all up...
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