Transcript Ecology - Dickinson ISD


1.
2.
Thursday, February 14, 2013
What elements are found in
carbohydrates?
What elements are found in
proteins?
1.
2.
3.
Categorize ecology terms for
describing the different stages of
an ecosystem.
Describe the difference between
abiotic and biotic factors.
List real world examples of
autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Ecology = study
of interactions
among organisms
& their
surroundings
(environment)
= group of organisms that can
breed & produce fertile
offspring
 Example: Cave Shrimp
 Non-example: Mules

Why isn’t a mule an example of
a species?
= group of organisms that belong
to the same species & live in the
same area.
 Example: group of cave shrimp
in a single cave
= group of different populations
that live together in a defined
area
 Example: cave shrimp, isopods,
amphipods, & bacteria (in an
underwater cave)
= Collection of all
organisms that live in
a particular place,
together w/ nonliving or physical
environment.
 Example: Cave
System in Bermuda
= group of ecosystems that have
the same climate & similar
dominant communities
 Example: desert, tundra, rain
forest.
= part of the earth & its atmosphere
in which living organisms exist or that
is capable of supporting life
 Made up of:
 land
 water
 air (atmosphere)


Draw a series of 5 circles: smallest in the center
& largest on the outside. Put the following
terms in the circles to show how they fit
together.
Terms:





Biome
Biosphere
Community
Population
Ecosystem
= study of
life
Latin Root:
Bio = Life
= any living component that
affects another organism
 Examples:
 Competitors
 Predators
 Prey
 Disease
(Bacteria)
= physical or nonliving things
that shape an ecosystem
 Examples:
 Soil
 Weather
 Light
 Water
= ecological role & space an
organism fills in its
environment/ecosystem
 Example:
 Bee
acts as a pollinator in its
ecosystem
= Organism makes own food for energy
 Latin Roots




Auto = self
Troph = nutrition/energy
Examples: plants, algae,
some bacteria
2 types:
1) Chemoautotroph – make own food using chemicals.
2) Photoautotroph – make own food using light.

AKA PRODUCERS
= Organisms rely on other organism for
food (eat other organisms)
 Latin Roots




Hetero – different
Troph – nutrition/energy
AKA CONSUMERS
Example: mammals,
birds, fish
= Organism eats only meat
 Example: Lion
= organism eats only plants
 Example: zebra
Organisms eat both plants &
animals
 Example: Baboons

Organisms eat dead or
decaying matter
 AKA Scavenger
 Example: vulture

Organisms that break down
dead or decaying matter
externally, then take it in.
 Example: fungus


Provide a different example of each of the
following on the next blank page:
 Herbivore
 Carnivore
 Omnivore
 Detritivore
 Decomposer
 Autotroph
 Heterotroph
Use a different color for each!
Friday, February 15, 2013
 What type of biomolecule is
represented by the following
image?

1)
2)
List the important levels in a food
chain
Create a food web for a real world
organism.
carnivore
omnivore
herbivore
Heterotroph/3rd
(tertiary)level
consumer
Heterotroph/2nd
(secondary) level
consumer
Heterotroph/1st
(primary) level
consumer
Autotroph/producer
= Energy levels in a food chain or
food web
 Each level receive ONLY 10%
of the previous trophic level’s
energy
 INEFFICIENT!!!



How much energy
will the rabbit get
from his meal?
How much energy
will the lion get
from his meal?
Why doesn’t the
rabbit get 1000Kg of
energy from the
grass?
0.1%
carnivore
1%
omnivore
Trophic
levels
10%
herbivore
100%
Heterotroph/3rd (tertiary) level
consumer
Heterotroph/2nd (secondary)
level consumer
Heterotroph/1st (primary) level
consumer
Autotroph/producer
1)
2)
3)
Select an organism you want
to learn more about Determine
what type of environment it
lives in
Determine the predators and
prey items in that environment
Draw the food web (Use names
or pictures.)




List the producers.
List the primary consumers.
List the secondary consumers.
Label each animal as herbivore,
carnivore or omnivore.


User name:
 1st 5 letters Last Name (lowercase), 1st
3 letters 1st Name (lower case), 000
 Example: malonbri000
Password:
 Student ID #
 Lunch #

Monday, February 18, 2013
1.What is the function of an
enzyme?
2. What 3 letters do most enzymes
end in?
1.
2.
3.
Compare and contrast the different
types of symbiotic relationships.
Give real world examples of the 5
different types of symbiotic
relationships.
Determine the carrying capacity
from a graph.
Symbiosis = any relationship
btw 2 organisms that live
closely together
 5 types……

= interaction where one organism
hunts & kills another
 Predator
– hunter
 Prey – food

Example:
 lion
hunting zebra
= relationship where both
organisms benefit
 Example: bees & flowers
= relationship where 1 organism
benefits & other is neither
harmed or benefited
 Example: whales & barnacles
= relationship where 1 organism
benefits & other is harmed
 Example:
 tick
& dog
 mosquito & human
= relationship where 1 organism
competes with another for
food, shelter, mate, etc.

Give an example from one of our
ecosystems for each of the following
terms.
 Competition
 Parasitism
 Mutualism
 Commensalism
 Predation
Use a different color for each!
= amount of life an ecosystem can support
w/ its resources
 Balance between life (reproduction) &
death
 Birth rate vs
death rate


What is the
carrying capacity
in this graph?
Why is the purple
line going up and
down?
1)
2)
3)
4)
Add title to Table of Contents
Turn to next blank page & add title
Write definition of carrying capacity (1st
sentence on the front of the paper)
Answer Questions on the back of the paper in
COMPLETE SENTENCES
Question #1 – 2 sentences
Question #2 – 3 sentences
Tuesday, February 19, 2013
 Looking at the graph below,
adding an enzyme to the
reaction lowers the what?

1.
2.
Interpret a graph to determine the
carrying capacity for a population.
Evaluate the resources available
for a population to predict the
future trends in a carrying capacity
graph.
Wednesday, February 20, 2013
 What type of diagram is
represented by the following
image?

1.
2.
3.
List the major components of the
carbon cycle.
Predict the real world effect of an
unbalanced carbon cycle.
List the major components of the
nitrogen cycle.

Moves
between the
ocean,
atmosphere
(atm), & land
Carbon (C)
is the key
ingredient
for ALL
living
tissue


In the atmosphere (atm), C is present as
Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2)
CO2 is released into atm by:
1. Volcanoes
2. Respiration (when you exhale)
3. Human activities: burning fossil fuels
& vegetation
4. Decomposition of organic matter

Plants take in CO2 during photosynthesis



Use the CO2 to build carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are passed along in the
food webs to animals & other consumers
Decomposition
Animals die
 C is released & passed back into the atm


Explain what is
happening in box #1.

#1
#2
#3

Explain what is
happening in box #2.


Burning fossil fuels
releases C into the
atmosphere.
We breath out C.
Explain what is
happening in box #3.

Plants use CO2 for
photosynthesis.


All
organisms
require
Nitrogen (N)
to make
amino acids
Make up
proteins


N2 gas makes up 78% of the atm
Nitrogen Fixation = Bacteria living in
the soil fix it so we can use it
 Convert N2 gas into ammonium NH4
 N2 → 2NH4


Consumers eat
the producers &
reuse the N to
make proteins
When
organisms die,
decomposers
return nitrogen
to the soil as
ammonia
= bacteria converts the
nitrates to N2 gas &
returns to the atm
 NO3  N2
Avid Thinking Strategy
• Map News!
How does this
Affect me?
New
Vocabulary
Name of
Source
Date
Topic: One of the cycles
we discussed today
Branch of
Science
(Biology)
Clues
Evidence
Science
Fact
Conclusion
Thursday, February 21, 2013
 Draw an energy hill diagram on
the following graph. Include a
curve for w/ & w/o an enzyme.

1.
2.
Compare and contrast primary and
secondary succession.
List real world examples of
succession.
= series of natural changes that
take place in environment
1.
-
Primary Succession = takes place over land
where there are NO LIVING organisms.
Very slow process!
Example: Lava from a volcano destroys
everything in its path. ( no soil )
2. Secondary Succession = changes which take
place AFTER an existing community is severely
disrupted.
- occurs in an area that previously contained life
on land that still contains soil.
- Example: hurricane, forest fire, tornado
Pioneer Species = 1st species to occupy an
area undergoing primary succession
Example= Lichen
Climax community = stable, mature
community that undergoes little or no
change in species.
***It can last for hundreds of years***


Friday, February 22, 2013
Define carrying capacity in your
own words.