Transcript Chapter7
Chapter7 Biodiversity and Conservation Question • What is the variety of life across all levels of ecological organization called? Answer • Biodiversity Question • What is the number or variety of species in a particular region called? Answer • Species Diversity Question • What describes the differences in DNA among individuals within species and populations? Answer • Genetic Diversity Question • What species dwarfs all other forms of life in terms of number of known and described species? Answer • Insects Question • There is a general increase in species richness toward the equator. What is this pattern of variation with latitude called? Answer • Latitudal gradient Question • What term describes ecosystems that are affected by change but can bounce back and regain function? Answer • Resilient Question • What describes environmentally responsible travel to protected natural areas for the purpose of appreciating nature, promoting conservation, and providing economic benefits to local peoples? Answer • ecotourism Question • What is the disappearance of a particular population from a given area called? Answer • extirpation Question • What is a species that is at serious risk of extinction? Answer • Endangered Question • Through what process can organisms be caught in “habitat islands” or patches of suitable habitat surrounded by “seas” of unsuitable habitat? Answer • Habitat fragmentation Question • What is the leading cause of biodiversity loss? Answer • Habitat change and loss Question • Besides habitat change and loss, what are the other 4 current causes of biodiversity loss? (1 point each) Answer • • • • Invasive species Pollution Overharvesting Climate change Question • In the United States, what is the major law that protects biodiversity? Answer • Endangered Species Act Question • What is the process of breeding and raising organisms in a controlled environment called? Answer • Captive breeding Question • True or False: Scientists believe that cloning animals can help prevent biodiversity loss? Answer • false Question • What is an area called that both supports an especially high number of species and is rapidly losing biodiversity called? Answer • A biodiversity hotspot Question • In what economic approach to conserve biodiversity does a conservation organization raise money and offer to pay off a portion of a nation’s debt in exchange for a promise to make efforts to protect biodiversity? Answer • Debt-for-nature swap Question • In which economic approach to biodiversity conservation do conservation organizations pay countries for the right to conserve their resources, not extract them? Answer • Conservation concession Question • One approach to protecting biodiversity is to connect fragmented habitats. What term is given to the result of this process? Answer • Wildlife corridor Question • What level of biodiversity provides the raw material for adaptations to local conditions? Answer • Genetic diversity Question • What increases species diversity? Answer • speciation Question • What decreases species diversity? Answer • Extinction Question • What is the illegal capture or killing of an organism, often for money, called? Answer • Poaching Question • What cause of biodiversity loss can have global, not just local, impacts on biodiversity? Answer • Climate change Question • _____________ occurs when humans hunt, fish, or harvest a species faster than it can replenish its population. Answer • Overharvesting Question • The current global extinction rate is 100 to 1000 times greater than the normal background extinction rate. This causes some scientists to believe that we are in the middle of Earth’s sixth ______ _____________. Answer • Mass extinction Question • Every species that goes extinct represents a lost opportunity to find a cure for a disease. This represents what benefit of biodiversity? Answer • medicine Question • Areas that are structurally diverse such as a seashore of rocky and sandy beaches, forested cliffs, and ocean water have a high level of ___________ ______________. Answer • Ecosystem diversity