Transcript Symbiotic relationships

Warm-up (9/3)
• Please take a pink sheet from the student desk (front of
the room).
• In your composition book EXPLAIN competition and
predation. Provide examples if necessary.
COMMUNITY INTERACTION
Competition Review
• What is it?
• More than one organism uses the same resource at the same time.
• *Competing for same resources*
• Example
Niche competition
Predation Review
• What is it?
• When one organism hunts and
kills another.
• Predator vs. Prey
• Predator: The attacker
Caterpillar with Venomous Spines
• Prey: The attacked—dead
• Prey Adaptations
• Morphological features
(Camouflage, spines, mimicking,
etc.)
• Chemical Defenses
• Behavior (living in groups, scouts,
alarm calls)
Meerkat’s have specific behavior
and morphological features to
protect them from predators
Predation Review
• Examples
Lion and Zebra
Grey Wolf and Elk
Orcas and Seals
Part 1 Review: Organisms and their Relationships
Symbiosis
• Symbiosis: The relationship that exists when two or more
species live together in which at least one species
benefits.
• Types of Symbiosis:
• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism
Part 1: Organisms and their Relationships
Symbiotic relationships
• Mutualism: When both
organisms benefit
• Lichens
• Commensalism: One
organism benefits, while the
other is neither helped nor
harmed.
• Epiphytes (i.e., Bromeliads)
• Parasitism: One organism
benefits at the expense of the
other.
• Parasitoid wasp eggs on a tomato hornworm
Mutualism
• A relationship in which BOTH SPECIES BENEFIT
Commensalism
• A relationship in which ONE SPECIES BENEFITS and the
other is NOT AFFECTED (Not helped or harmed)
Parasitism
• A relationship in which ONE SPECIES BENEFITS
and the other is HARMED OR KILLED
Part 1 Reflection: Organisms and their Relationships
Create and Fill in this table
Type of
Relationship
Species
harmed
Species
benefited
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
= 1 species
Species
neutral
Mistletoe and Spruce Tree
• Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce
tree, harming it
Honey Guide Bird and Badger
• Honey guide birds alert and direct badgers to bee hives.
The badgers expose the hives and feed on the honey
first, then the honey guide bird gets to eat.
Cowbird and Bison
• As buffalos walk through the grass, insects become
active and are eaten by the cowbirds
Ostrich and Gazelle
• Ostriches and gazelles feed next to each other. They both
watch for predators and alert each other to danger. Since
their visual abilities are different, each can identify threats
that the other might not detect.
Remora and Shark
• Remoras attach themselves to a shark’s body. They then
travel with the shark and feed on the shark’s leftover food
scraps
Oxpecker and Rhinoceros
• Oxpeckers eat the ticks from the rhino’s body.
Bee and Maribou Stork
• The stork uses its saw-like bill to cut up dead animals to
eat. The bees then use the dead animal’s body for food
and to lay eggs
Mouse and Flea
• A flea feeds on the mouse’s blood, which harms it.
Silverfish and Army Ants
• Silverfish live and hunt behind the army ants, and share
the prey.
Wrasse Fish and Black Sea Bass
• Wrasse fish feed on the parasites found on the black sea
bass’ body
Hermit Crab and Snail Shell
• Hermit crabs live in shells made and then abandoned by
snails
Deer and Tick
• Ticks feed on the deer’s blood, which harms it.
Barnacle and Whale
• Barnacles attach themselves to the whale’s body, creating
a traveling home.
Yucca Plant and Yucca Moth
• Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths
lay their eggs in the flowers and eat the seeds.