Transcript Monitoring natural reserves using wireless sensor network

Monitoring natural reserves using
wireless sensor network
Yu Xinwen, Yang Yanchen, Zhang Xu
Institute of Forestry Resource and Information Technology,
Chinese Academy of Forestry
Contents
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Basic data of nature reserves in China
Current situation of nature reserves
New approach for monitoring
Basic data of nature reserves in
China
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Total reserves: 2349, 1.5 million sq.
kilometer, 15% of land area.
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242 National reserves, 880k sq. kilometer
Forestry related reserves
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Number: 1699, 72% of total reserves
Area: 1.2 M sq. kilometer, 12.49% of land area,
80% of total reserve area.
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85% land ecosystem types
85% wildlife populations
65% flora community
50% natural wet land
Habitat of over 300 rare and endangered wildlife
species
Distribution area of over 130 species of rare trees
Current situation of nature
reserves
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Management issues:
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Very simple management,
Not standardized
Weak infrastructure
Simple protect method
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Situations:
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No scouting in 25% of reserves
No resource monitoring in 75%
No scientific investigations in 70%
No any research activities in over 50%
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The demands for reserve monitoring is
urgent
New approach for monitoring:
wireless sensor network
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Sensor technology helps automatically
monitor the conditions of reserves
Wireless network helps remotely acquire
monitoring data in real time
Seldom labor is needed
What we want to monitor
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Environmental parameters of reserves
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Growth procedure of rare plants and trees
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Provide data for reserve protection and
evaluation
Provide data for modeling plant growth
Activities of endangered animals (mammal)
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Provide data for animal protection and
ethological research
Candidate reserve
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Hupingshan national nature reserve, located in
Hunan province (http://hps.nre.cn/eindex.asp)
Area: 66568 ha.
Aim:
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Protect endangered animals and their habitats, key
species: South China tiger
Protect rare plant species and community, key species:
Dovetree (Davidia involucrata )
The project will be executed in this reserve as a
demonstration and will be extended to other
reserves
Construct the sensor network
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Easiest way: to use FieldServer, but still some
issues exist
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Budget raising:
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The name FieldServer implies it is agriculture oriented, and
our project is forestry oriented.
Also it emphasizes on Server, but not sensor network
Available Chinese names for FieldServer: 田间服务器，原野
服务器，are all agriculture oriented.
Related people will not bother to know the detail of
FieldServer
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Key problems in application: battery life
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No power supply in some area of the reserve
No enough solar energy receivable in forest
Rechargeable battery? Periodically recharge the
battery
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Construct own sensor system:
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Must start from scratch
No much experience of using sensor
Takes long time
But may foster a team skillful to sensor
network
Monitoring plant growth
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Using Web accessible camera to monitor
plant growth
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It is relatively easy to monitor the seedling trees,
diameter and height
But how to monitor the height when tree
becomes very tall?
And crown or crown projection?
Height—Vertax
Diameter: Web camera
Monitor animal population
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The mobility of animal makes it very hard
to automatically monitor the behavior and
population activities.
Using portable device to record animal
behavior might be an applicable approach
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Portable device based recording software
Submitting data to database via sensor network
How to use monitoring data
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Collaborative project
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Institute of Forestry Resource and Information
Technology
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Responsible to constructing sensor network,
software development, data management, providing
data service, system maintenance.
Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and
Protection
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Responsible for the data requirement, data analysis,
modeling, evaluation, etc.
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Thank you very much for the attention