Transcript File

Symbiosis
“Sym” means together.
“Bio” means life
“Symbiosis” means “living together”
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=zTGcS7vJqbs
Symbiosis 2:33 min
6 Types of Symbiosis
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Mutualism
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/stu
dyjams/jams/science/ecosystems/sy
both species benefit
mbiosis.htm
Commensalism
Study Jams 3:45 min
one species benefits, the other is unaffected
Parasitism
one species benefits, the other is harmed
Predation
one organism captures and consumes another.
Cooperation
Organisms work together to improve their chances of survival.
Competition
Organisms compete for the resources they need to survive- air, water,
food, and space.
Mutualism
http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=the+feeling+is+mutual
Definition
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVRL_MIr7Rs
Mutualsims 3:12- music
• If you say to someone "The feeling is
mutual" you are telling that person that you
agree with them - your opinions, thoughts,
feelings mirror theirs.
• You're tired of my face? The feeling is
mutual.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=miSS18UVNLw
Mutualsims 35 sec
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit from the relationship
Crocodile & Bird
The bird is cleaning
the crocodiles teeth,
which helps the
crocodile, and the bird is
getting food.
Another Example…Bee & Flower
This bee is pollinating
the flower so the
flower can grow and
reproduce better. The
bee is also benefiting
from this because it
gets energy from the
nectar.
Cleaner Fish and the Moray Eel
The cleaner shrimp eats parasites and food bits out
of the inside of this moray eel. It gets a meal and is
protected from predators by the fierce eel.
Yucca Plants and Yucca Moths
The moth’s larvae depend on the seeds of the
yucca plant for food, and the yucca plant can
only be pollinated by the yucca moth.
The Honey Guide Bird & the Ratel
• The Honey Guide loves to eat wax bee hives, but is
too small to enter the beehives and it is afraid to get
stung…
• The badger loves to eat honey but cannot find the
hives.
• The Honey Guide bird
knows this. When she finds
a badger on the ground, she
comes close to it and
produces chirping sounds.
The Honey Badger follow
her to a hive.
• The Honey Badger breaks
the hive apart with his
strong claws. He eats all the
honey and leaves the wax
for the Honey Guide!
Commensalism
One species benefits while the other is unaffected
The Cattle Egret and Cattle
As cattle and other livestock graze on the field, they cause
movements that stir up insects. The cattle egrets following
the livestock feed on them.
The egrets benefit from this
relationship because the
livestock have helped them
find their meals, while the
livestock are typically
unaffected by it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrE05fvMx_o
Commensalism 1:26 min
Barnacles and Whales
The barnacles attach
to the whale and
feed on the plankton
where ever the whale
swims. The
barnacles don’t harm
the whale.
Remoa Fish and Shark
The remora fish attaches to the shark by a sucker in
it's mouth. It travels everywhere the shark goes. It eats
any parasites on the shark which helps keep the shark
clean. It also eats any leftover food from the shark.
The remora
(sucker fish)
gets to eat
and the
shark is not
affected.
Oak Gall Wasps and Oak Trees
• The oak gall wasp
stings the oak tree.
• the tree then grows
a GALL which is a
nest for the wasp’s
babies.
• When the larva
hatch, they eat
their way out of
the gall.
• Does not help or
hurt the oak tree
Parasitism
• One species benefits while the other is harmed.
Mistletoe and Tree
Mistletoe is an parasite
that has no roots of its
own and lives off the tree
that it attaches itself to.
Without that tree it
would die.
It slowly chokes out the
life of the host tree.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMG-LWyNcAs
Parasitism 4:43 min
Parasitism….
• Usually, although parasites
harm their hosts, it is in the
parasite's best interest not to kill
the host, because it relies on the
host's body to live.
Caterpillar and Wasp
The adult wasps sting the caterpillar, injecting their
eggs. The eggs hatch and devour the caterpillar
from the inside, being careful not to disrupt any
vital functions. Eventually they emerge and spin
cocoons of silk in which they transition from larvae
to adult.
The wasps could not survive
without caterpillars in the same family
(although the caterpillar would do just fine
without the wasps).
https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=vMGLWyNcAs
Caterpillar and Wasp
4:44 min
Ticks and Dogs
• Ticks feed off the
dogs blood and
sometimes causes the
dog disease.
• The fleas, in turn, get
food and a warm
home.
Page 7 Interactive Notebook
Both Species Benefit
Example: Bee and a Flower.
• The bee is pollinating the
flower so the flower can
grow and reproduce
better.
• The bee is also benefiting
from this because it gets
energy from the pollen.
One Species Benefits the other is NOT
affected.
Example: Barnacles and a Whale.
•The barnacles attach to the whale and feed
on the plankton where ever the whale
swims.
•The barnacles don’t harm the whale.
One Species Benefits the other is harmed
Example: Tick and Dog
• Ticks feed off the dogs blood and
sometimes causes the dog disease.
• The fleas, in turn, get food and a warm
home.
Predation
Predation is a relationship where one organism
captures and consumes another.
Predator- organism doing the capturing.
Prey- organisms being captured.
The snake (predator)
captures the mouse (prey).
•A predators survival
depends on its ability to
catch its prey.
•A prey’s survival depends
on it ability to avoid being
caught.
Grey Wolf and Moose
• Predator: Grey
Wolf
• Prey: Moose
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdwnfPurXcs&list=PL0B
046BC0258BFBC7&index=3
Isle Royale 6:29 min
Cooporation
Individual organisms often “work together”
cooperate in ways that improve the odds of
survival.
• Monkeys live in
social groups
which gives
them the
advantages like
protection of
food sources
against
competitors.
Cooporation
• Wolves hunt in packs to increase their
odds of capturing prey.
Cooperation: Lions
• Group hunting allows a lionesses to have
greater success in capturing prey.
• Group life allows mothers to care for, feed
and better protect their cubs increasing their
odds for survival.
Cooperation
Zebra and Wildebeest
• Zebra and
wildebeest alert
each other to the
presence of
predators.
Cooporation
Ants
• Ants cooperate to get
food.
• They also have
specialized jobs within
their colony.
http://www.popsci.com/crazy-antscooperate-carry-food
13 sec
Competition
Organisms compete for the
resources they need to survivefood, water, shelter, mates and
• Lions and
space.
hyenas for
food
resources
and living
space
Competition
• Hippos and crocs compete for
river space (living space)
Competition
• Two wolf
compete for food
and mates on
Isle Royale.
Ticket out the door…
1. Give an example of a type of
cooperation that the wolves exhibit.
2. What relationship do the wolf and
the moose share?
3. What type of relationship do the
wolves share if they are fighting for a
mate?