Transcript What is Biology?

What is BIOLOGY?
What are its branches of study?
Biology
 It is the study of living things
Biology
 Characteristics of Life:
 Livings things:
 made up of basic units called
(CELLS)
 a universal genetic code (DNA)
 Reproduce (BIRTH)
 grow and develop (MATURATION)
Biology
 Characteristics of Life:
 Livings things:
 Obtain and use materials and energy (FOOD)
 respond to their environment (REACT)
 maintain a stable internal environment
(HOMEOSTASIS)
 as a group they change over time. (EVOLVE)
Life Characteristics cont.
Basic units (CELLS)
 Cells are microscopic structures that
are the smallest forms of life.
 Kingdoms of life that have cells are:
 Animals, Plants, Bacteria, Fungi, and
Protists.
Life Characteristics cont.
 Universal genetic code- (DNA) is a
macromolecule that contains information
for new life.
 Molecular level information found in the cell
of all life forms.
 Genetic Blueprint for new life
Life Characteristics cont.
Reproduce – Give birth to new life.
In order for life to continue for all species
they must create new life in their own
image.
 Sexual and Asexual reproduction is the
process by which new life forms.
Life Characteristics
MATURATION - Grow and Develop
 Living things must go through stages.
 Life is a series of stages until death.
 Each stage of growth leads to new
developments to recreate new life.
 Even death makes room for new life to
inhabit the Earth.
Life Characteristics cont.
 Get FOOD - Obtain and use materials and
energy
 Living things need energy to grow, mature, and
reproduce new living things.
 They must be able to seek and find nutrition.
 They must be able to create useful energy from
the foods they obtain.
Life Characteristics cont.
REACT- Respond to their environment
 They must be able to recognize and react
to external stimuli.
 They must be able to adapt to dangers
 They must be able to recognize
opportunities to obtain nutrients.
Life Characteristics cont.
 HOMEOSTASIS- maintain a stable
internal environment
 They must be able to keep their inside
environment the same no matter what is
happening outside.
 Ex. Humans sweat when it is hot to keep cool.
Life Characteristics cont.
 EVOLVE - as a group they change over time.
 Species adapt to their environment
 Dangers
 Predators learn to hunt
 Prey learn to hide
 Physical appearances of genus groups change
 Climate changes
 Some migrate to survive
 Some hibernate
 Some grow more fur
Biology
 Branches:
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Molecular Biology – study of molecules
Cellular Biology – study of cells
Botany – study of plants
Zoology – study of animals
Paleontology – study of past life forms
Ecology – study of life interacting with the
environment.
Levels of Organization
 Biosphere - contains several ecosystems
 Ecosystem - all organisms in an area, including the
non-living parts of their environment
 Community- groups of the same species
 Population - groups of the same species living
together
 Molecules – a pieces that form cell life.
Levels of Organization
cont.
 Organism – living thing that is
composed of organs.
 Groups of cells – Groups of cells
that work together
 Cells – most basic life form; some
species exist only at this level