Transcript Interactions Among living Things

Interactions Among living
Things
Natural selection
• Remember natural selection- individuals
better suited for environment will survive
and reproduce
• Adaptations- the behaviors and physical
features that allow organisms to live
successfully in their environment
Niche
• Every organism has a variety of
adaptations that are suited to its specific
living conditions
• Niche- role of an organism in its habitat or
how it makes its living
– Type of food
– How it gets food
– How other organism use it as food
– How it reproduces
ON pg. 694, compare and contrast
the three different birds and their
niches.
What are the types of
interactions that occur in an
ecosystem?
Competition
There are three major types of interactions
among organism; competition, predation,
and symbiosis
Competition - It is a struggle between
organism to survive with the same limited
resources
Many organisms compete for food, water,
shelter, mates
How is it that trees and grass
complete?
• Sunlight, water, minerals, space
Predation
• Predation - The interaction where one
organism kills another for food
• Predator- one that does the killing
• Prey- one that is eaten
• If an increase in predators, what will
happen?
– Prey population will decrease- lower food
supply will cause the predator population to
decrease
Pg. 695 Math Analyzing Data
1. What variable is plotted on the x-axis? What two variables are plotted on
the y-axis?
2. How did the moose population change between 1965 and 1972? What
happened to the wolf population from 1973 through 2976?
3. How might the change in the moose population have led to the change in
the wolf population?
4. What is one likely cause of the dip in the moose population between 1974
and 1981?
Predator and Prey Adaptations
Predators- help kill prey
– speed, tentacles
Prey- avoid being killed
– mimicry- looking like something else that is
dangerous
– false coloring- looks like something bigger
– protective covering- porcupine
– camouflage- chameleon, walking leaf insect
– warning colors- certain colors often are warning of
poisonous.
Symbiosis
• A close relationship between two species
that benefits at least one of the species.
• The three types of symbiotic relationships
are mutualism, commensalisms and
parasitism.
Mutualism
• Both species benefit
• Some species could not survive without
the other
• Pg 30. read caption on figure 17
– Why are these birds sitting on the hippo?
• To feed and hitch a ride
Commensalism
• One species benefits and other is neither
helped or harmed
• Some birds with trees- birds have home
and the tree is neither helped or harmed
• Hawk and cactus
• Your bugs-- tiny mites(demodex
folliculorum) live on the base of eyelashes
and live on dead skin
Parasitism
• Parasite - One organism living in or on
another organism causing it harm
• Host- provides the home and food for the
parasite
• Parasite usually smaller than host
• Doesn’t usually kill host
• Example- flees, ticks, worms
Review
• What are adaptations
– Behaviors and characteristics that help organism be
successful
• How are a snake’s sharp fangs and adaptation?
– Enable the snake to bit into its prey
• What are the three main ways in which
organisms interact?
– Competition, predation, symbiosis
– Watch Discovery Educations Life: Hunters and
Hunted