Transcript IEA Overview Presentation

Sustainable Cities:
Local from the Global Perspective
APSEC Workshop on Sustainable Cities
9 May 2016
Jon HANSEN
Energy Analyst,
Global Energy Policy, IEA
© OECD/IEA 2015
The International Energy Agency (IEA)
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Founded in 1974
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Headquarters: Paris
Secretariat
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Energy
security
Formed in wake of 1973 oil embargo with
mission to promote energy security -autonomous agency of the Organisation
for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD)
Low carbon
solutions
Energy
statistics
Staff of around 240, mainly energy experts and
statisticians from its member countries
Decision-making body: Governing
Board
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Consists of member country representatives
Under the Governing Board, several committees are
focusing on each area
Capacity
building
Energy market
analysis
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ETP 2016: Building Sustainable
Urban Energy Systems
Global Urban Population
Source: UN DESA, 2012
Global urban populations are growing rapidly,
and with them demand for energy in cities
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ETP 2016: Building Sustainable
Urban Energy Systems
 Part 1: Setting the Scene
• Global Outlook
• Tracking Clean Energy Progress
 Part 2: Building Sustainable Urban Energy Systems
• The Urban Energy Challenge
• Low-Carbon Buildings in the Urban Environment
• Sustainable Urban Mobility
• Urban Energy Supply and System Integration
• Innovative policy and finance frameworks to
accelerate urban energy transitions
• Building a sustainable urban energy transition in
Mexico
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Urban energy supply options
Waste
WtE plants
Rooftop PV
Solarthermal
Heat pumps
Urban
final
energy
Buildings
Heating,
Cooling,
Appl.
Transport
Mobility
Geothermal plants
Imported fuels
Fuels (local,
imported)
Local CHP, HP
Urban area
Thermal elec gen,
CHP
Waste heat power
or industrial plants
Renewable
electricity/heat
‘’Nearby’’, but
outside urban area
Biofuels
Urban energy supply options can be optimally integrated with
sources located in the proximity of urban areas
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ETP 2016: System integration
Linking urban electricity and heat systems
Source: Fraunhofer IBP/IEA-EBC Annex 64
(2015)
Urban areas offer a significant potential for integrating
different energy grids
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ETP 2016: Sustainable buildings
and low-carbon heat supply
Source: Helsinki Energy (2012)
Meeting thermal comfort demand in dense urban areas in a sustainable way
requires informed planning decisions from policy-makers
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ETP 2016: Options for urban mobility
2DS
A significant portion of travel can be avoided or substituted by
more efficient modes and lower carbon options
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Electric vehicles need to
come of age
200
FCEV
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
Passenger LDV sales (million)
Electricity
150
Plug-in hybrid diesel
Plug-in hybrid gasoline
Diesel hybrid
100
Gasoline hybrid
CNG/LPG
50
Diesel
0
2000
Gasoline
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
More than 90% of light duty vehicles need to be propelled by an
electric motor in 2050
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Case 17: Autolib in Paris
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Air quality – energy matters
 Energy sector the largest source of air pollution from human activity
– around 80% of PM10, and 95% of NOx and SOx
• Energy sector drivers vary – power generation and industry for SOx,
transport for NOx, residential energy use for PM
 WHO estimate 4.3 million premature deaths linked to indoor air
pollution and 3.7 million to outdoor; outdoor air pollution alone costs
USD 5 trillion according to preliminary OECD estimates
 Energy sector outlook signals a situation that could get worse
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Global energy demand projected to increase by one-third to 2040
Urban population projected to grow by 46% to 5.75 billion
1 billion more cars on the road, while oil-based fuels still dominate
Coal-fired electricity generation over 67% higher
Household use of biomass remains a major issue in some regions
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WEO-2016 Special Report on
Energy and Air Quality
 The role of energy in air quality today – a global assessment by sector,
region and pollutant
 Pollutants & their impacts – an Outlook to 2040 on the basis of existing
and planned energy and environmental policies
 A Clean Air Scenario:
• Short- and long-term solutions by region
• The costs of solving air pollution
• A quantification of the benefits
 A deep dive into cities – governance, technologies and policies
 From analysis to recommendations – an IEA view on how best to
address energy-related air pollution
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• Energy Security
• Environmental Protection
• Economic Growth
• Engagement Worldwide
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Air Quality in India
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ETP2016: Urban mobility technologies
Stakeholders plan to increase the global market share of
electric vehicles in cities to reach at least 30% by 2030.
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Technology Roadmaps
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A Tale of Renewed Cities
Urban transport land-use and travel framework
Energy efficient transport systems typically pair well-developed urban transport
networks with policies and incentives to encourage efficient travel choices.
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Policy and finance mechanisms
for urban energy transitions
Land Value
Capture
Green
Property Taxes
SUSTAINABLE/
FISCAL
INSTRUMENTS
Green urban
utility tariffs
INTEGRATED
PLANNING
Property Clean
Energy
Assessment
(PACE)
Building
construction
permit fees
Sustainable
Energy Utility
(SEU)
Building
regulations
and codes
Information
and promotion
REGULATORY
LEVERS
DIRECT
INVESTMENTS/
GREEN
PROCUREMENT
Standard and
mandates
FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS
LOCAL CAPACITY
Training
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Building a sustainable urban energy
transition in Mexico
Source: CIA World Factbook
Mexican cities can play a very important role to make
national energy policy objectives feasible
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