Transcript Puglia

FINAL MEETING
Analisi di contesto
Prof. Francesco Contò- Dott.ssa Anna Paola Antonazzo
Bari, 15 Novembre 2013
ISCI PROJECT
1.1.2 Project Proposal
Development and design of research on innovation
and competitiveness of the areas of Puglia and the
Ionian Islands, planning of the research and
development of innovative actions.
1.3.2 Progress report
The coordination of reporting of the work done
on the project deliverables - LESVIL
ISCI PROJECT
2.4.2 Local dissemination workshops with stakeholders for the
sharing and diffusion of the results
Workshop to disseminate results: Cerignola (Foggia) On
2012 September 25- Compagnia delle Puglie
3.1.1 Research of informative sources about the structural features of the SMEs the
target markets’ features, needs and requests
Research phase of information on SMEs food - Lesvil
ISCI PROJECT
5.4.1 n. 1 joint marketing strategies agreement
Agreement with SMEs of the cooperation in the agri-food areas - Lesvil
5.4.4 n. 4 diffusion meetings
Workshop: "Strategies for joint marketing of innovative services and internationalization
of agri-foodSMEs ", made on 6 and 7 May 2013 at the “Istituto tecnico agrario Umberto
I” - Compagnia Delle Puglia
5.5.2 n. 1 sustainable development strategies agreement
Study on the economic and financial sustainability of the strategy and of the
cooperation agreement
CONTEX ANALYSIS
The context analysis made on the ISCI Project has
revealed features of convergence and divergence of the
two regions interested in the project.
The study revealed that it could give rise to the possibility
of joint actions as well as being an effective tool for
other studies.
Puglia: Context Analysis (1)
•
•
•
The region covers an area of about
1,935,790 hectares, That covering
6.4% of the national land.
Puglia has a mainly flat with low hills
and a few mountain ranges.
Using the OECD criteria for
defining rural areas it can be said that
the Apulian territory that can be
defined rural amounted to about
50% of the total area compared to a
national average of just over 77%
and a European value equal to about
92%.
Puglia: Context Analysis (2)
Demography
The resident population in the region in December 2008
amounted to 4,079,702 units of which 39% is
concentrated only in the province of Bari The
demographic trend appears stable in recent years.
The female population presents majority with 51.4% of
the total.
The province of Lecce has a ratio slightly above the
average for the female population (52.2%).
Puglia: Context Analysis (3)
Demography: Evolution of the population by age groups
in 2011 (source: ISTAT)
N. of
inhabitants
Reference
years
reference years
Puglia: Context Analysis (4)
Job Market
After declining in 2009, the employment of residents in
the region was further reduced on average in 2010 of
about 15,000 units. The data Apulian is in line with that
of the southern regions, where employment was
reduced on average by 1, 4 percent. Beginning in 2008,
the year in which the economic and financial crisis
started to show effects on the labor market in Puglia,
the overall reduction in employment is approximately
64,000 units.
Puglia: Context Analysis (5)
Job Market
Fonte: elaborazioni su dati Istat, Rilevazione continua sulle forze di lavoro
Puglia: Context Analysis (6)
Job Market
The decline in employment observed in 2010 has affected
all sectors except agriculture. The reduction of
employment in industry (3.9 percent) accounted for
more than half of the total decrease. The construction
sector and trade declined by 3.3 and 2.0 per cent
respectively. Employment remained stable in services
other than commercial activities.
Puglia: Context Analysis (7)
Infrastructure
Puglia boasts a rich network infrastructure as well as other
logistical hubs in the region.
The regional infrastructures, in fact, been a slow but
steady improvement while remaining in its entirety
below the national average. The only indicator of
infrastructural facilities, which stood above the national
average for the railway network with 1,507 Km
Puglia: Context Analysis (8)
Infrastructure
The province of Foggia comes up with
the best supply index with regard
to the availability of roads and
highways while it is the province of
Brindisi to have more miles of
railway network. All in all the
provinces with more deficiencies,
as regards all indices of
infrastructure, are the province of
Foggia and Lecce who have an
average of 57.3 and 58.1
respectively placing far below the
regional average and that of the
South .
Puglia: Context Analysis (9)

HUB Logistics
Another center of excellence is the logistic center of
Puglia, a short affected by a recent major structural
development, the major operations of the Container
Terminal of Taranto and the future logistics platform in
the port of Taranto for which it has already signed an
agreement program, it is necessary to enhance the
capacity territorial logistics in order to improve the
provision of services to support a more efficient and
competitive management of the flow of goods.
Puglia: Context Analysis (10)
GDP
According to data published
economic dall'Ipres,
Puglia is "resisting" the
crisis better than other
regions. In 2012 there
was an increase
compared to 2011.
Employment Puglia
preserves weak growth
in the first quarter of
2012: 0.9 that increases 1
per cent in 2011
compared to 2010, but
does not fill the
accumulated losses since
2008 (-4%).
Puglia: Context Analysis (11)

GDP
Puglia: Context Analysis (12)
Productive sectors
In Puglia, the more
developed the
productive sector is
the service sector
about 50%, followed
by agriculture about
27% and finally the
industry.
Puglia: Context Analysis (13)
Productive sectors
Puglia: Context Analysis (14)
Puglia Primary Sector
The UAA of Apulia is covered mostly by vineyards,
olive trees and wheat.
Of particular importance are also the cultivation of
tomatoes, cherry and almond.
The province with the highest number of hectares of
UAA is Foggia. The region shows a high degree of
fragmentation and pulverization company.
Puglia: Context Analysis (15)
The agricultural sector has Puglia built in 2010, a
production value of 3.7 billion euro at current value
that represents 14% of the national GDP.
 The time series of ISTAT for the Added Value of the
branches of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, as
reported last available value the figure for 2009, the year
in which the value added amounted to 2.1 billion euro
at current prices, 7.8% on added value of Italian and
20.9% of that of the south.

Puglia: Context Analysis (16)
Agriculture: Gross Saleable Production and Value Added branch
of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries (Amounts in thousand
euro).
Source: ISTAT.
Puglia: Context Analysis (17)
The agri- food sector
The Puglia contributes 23.7% to the value-added of the agri- food in the
South and the 4.87% of the national average.
Overall the food industry Puglia, while relying on a remarkable
diversification and availability of raw materials, suffers from problems
of a structural nature and low attention to the needs of the market,
especially in terms of qualification of products. This stems mainly
from both a numerical structures supplied over the sectors with the
greatest dimension (olive oil and wine, for example) that has a limited
capacity / ability to innovate, which is closely linked to the limited size
of the physical and economic systems
Puglia: Context Analysis (18)
Agri-food sector: Food businesses registered and active until
2012. (Source : Infocamere, 2012)
PUGLIA
Food Industries
beverages
FOGGIA
Food Industries
beverages
BARI
Food Industries
beverages
BRINDISI
Food Industries
beverages
LECCE
Food Industries
beverages
TARANTO
Food Industries
beverages
Registered
active
recorded
discontinued
variations
5.279
470
4.739
365
145
7
263
29
86
15
1.088
173
898
148
20
4
41
8
18
8
2.096
107
1.888
80
53
2
130
11
50
1
591
54
509
38
18
0
29
3
3
2
1.038
79
942
55
32
0
44
6
9
2
546
57
502
44
22
1
19
1
6
2
Puglia: Context Analysis (19)
The agri-food sector



The inter-regional trade with foreign countries, observed in terms
of exports, is an important index of competitiveness of the agrifood businesses Puglia in the global market, as well as an index of
competitiveness of the territory in which they operate.
The region ranks third in the agricultural sector in the national
ranking with 10.6% (ISMEA, 2011) confirmation of the weight of
exports to the region's agriculture holds the national value added
(8.3%), while the side of the imports is eighth with 4.3% of the
national total.
For processed food industry instead, Apulia stands in the national
ranking only tenth and eleventh for exports and imports.
Puglia: Context Analysis (19)
Balance of trade food products
Puglia: Context Analysis (20)
Trade Balance by province (Source: Chamber of Commerce of Foggia
(2011))
Import
Export
Trade Balance in
2010
2010
2010
Foggia
52.625.708
137.350.230
84.724.522
Bari
427.168.921
223.844.175
-203.324.746
BAT
29.931.536
29.435.394
-496.142
Taranto
108.532.114
61.314.915
-47.217.199
Brindisi
55.853.178
29.639.952
-26.213.226
Lecce
43.450.990
27.480.134
-15.970.856
PUGLIA
717.562.447
509.064.800
-208.497.647
Italy
25.247.827.952
22.189.163.253
-3.058.664.699
SWOT Analysis
Agri-food sector in Puglia
Strenghtens
Strong
vocation for quality
production
High product differentiation
Deep specialization in the
agricultural sector
Geographical proximity of
emerging markets (countries of the
Mediterranean Basin and eastern
Europe)
High propensity to exports of
agricultural products compared to
other Italian regions
High professional skills of
operators
Opportunities
Good
perception of food products quality in
foreign markets
Emerging of Networks for the aggregation of
enterprises (Agrifood Districts Quality,
regional law 23 of 2008)
Appealing image of the of Puglia as region
and intangible assets of food related to territory
Financial assistance to support the growth of
investment in innovation and
internationalization of supply chains
Support to communication, promotion and
exchange of experiences
Recovery in foreign demand and
consumption
Development of trade relations with
reference foreign markets
Keen interest of firms in internationalization
activities
SWOT Analysis (2)
Agri-food sector in Puglia
Weaknesses







Scarce capability to attract foreign
investments
Scarce participation of Apulian
companies in foreign companies
Stagnant demand in traditional
markets of reference
Weak competitiveness of the
productive system
Low propensity to innovation
Inadequacy of facilities and
services to meet the needs of
foreign customers
Economic trend in recent years
Threats
Scarce capability of the
overall regional production
industry to attract foreign
investments
Increasing competitiveness of
competitors
Abandonment of agriculture
activity and depopulation of
disadvantaged areas
Volatility of food prices

Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (1)
Territory




The Ionian Islands are a mainly
mountainous, there is little presence of
plain
The climate is Mediterranean in general
with high temperature ranges
The Ionian Islands are located
microclimate rare beauty and diverse
environmental, cultural and historical.
The precipitations are concentrated
largely in the winter months, they are
almost everywhere scarce and often
insufficient for the needs of agricultural
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (2)
Infrastructure
The level of basic infrastructure in the Region of Ionian
Islands is generally higher than the average level of the
country. However, during the summer months there is
a clear deficit in the provision of water and sewer, with
negative effects on the environment and quality of life,
due to the large influx of tourists.
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (3)
Infrastructure:
The road network is similar in all the Ionian Islands. In
the majority of the islands there is a national road as the
main road of Corfu - Paleokastritsa (Corfu), Zakynthos
- Keri (Zakynthos) and Argostoli - Sami (Cephalonia),
and numerous roads. So far, the improvements of the
road network mainly related adjustments, road safety
and new alignments
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (4)
Infrastructure:
The number of ports within the region is sufficient, and
their location is pretty good. All the capitals of the
Ionian Islands, and even some smaller towns have their
ports that facilitate the link between the islands and the
mainland. The main problem of port infrastructure is
that it lacks adequate and appropriate complementary
facilities necessary to provide quality services for
passengers or freight.
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (5)
Passenger Traffic port of Corfu
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (6)
Economy
Greece and Ionian Islands, suffer the
consequences of a prolonged economic
underdevelopment, determined not only by
its history but also from a geographical
location with respect to the decentralized
ganglia of political and economic power
worldwide.
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (7)
Economy
Economy
characterized by a high
prevalence of the tertiary sector
(79.1%), especially in the activities
of owners and those related to
tourism.
 In second place is located in the
industrial sector (16.9%), consisting
mainly of small businesses and
where they hired a discreet role in
some sectors such as chemicals,
textiles, electro-mechanical,
metallurgy and steel;
Finally agriculture, which
nevertheless retains an important
role not only in the productive
structure but also in exports (4%).
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (8)
The primary sector in the Region of Ionian Islands is a
significant part of GDP, higher than the average rate in
the country (17% vs. 15% respectively), but there are
significant differences between the various prefectures
of the Ionian Islands.
 Agricultural land in the region occupies a relatively
small area. In recent years, the intense tourist
development of the Ionian Islands has led to a change
of land use, resulting in agricultural land is partly
abandoned.

Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (9)
The cultivated area of the Region of Ionian Islands is
79.968 hectares, but has been steadily declining mainly
due to the expansion of the tourism sector and the
continuous pressure for other land uses.
 About 43% of agricultural land is located in the Ionian
islands of Corfu Prefecture, and the rest is mainly
divided between the Prefecture of Lefkada and that of
Kefalonia and Ithaca.

Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (10)
The agricultural in the Ionian Islands
Over 50% of the total agricultural area of the region is covered by tree
crops, 95% of which are olive Irrigated land is used as follows: 45%
for arable crops, 40% for the production of vegetables to 15% for tree
crops
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (11)
Export
Import
SEMESTER
Change
Change
% 2012
2011/2012
2008/2012
2012
Italy
5.450
74,73%
-59,6%
1,7%
Russia
917
12,57%
165,5%
ΝΑ
Germany
407
5,58%
-36,5%
35,1%
United Kingdom
113
1,55%
3996,5%
-13,3%
France
83
1,14%
-88,4%
-30,0%
Change
Change
2011/2012
2008/2012
SEMESTRE
2012
Percentuale
2012
Food
6.124
84,0%
-59,9%
-0,7%
Plastics and
791
10,8%
135,0%
-2,1%
277
3,8%
-71,6%
-34,8%
and 66
0,9%
-19,2%
23,1%
Vehicles
31
0,4%
-79,6%
1,4%
Total
7,293
100,0%
-56,7%
-4,9%
chemicals
mineral materials
Beverages
tobacco
Context Analysis: Ionian Islands (12)
Products



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





Extra virgin olive oil, produced throughout the Islands;
Local wine, made with rare and old grape variety premises. The "Robola wine" is an
example of DOC;
Dried grapes, grown in the area of Zackinthos;
honey;
The fruit "Koum four", which is grown only in Corfu that is used to make liqueurs and
sweets;
The dried sausage of Lefkada product in a unique way with fresh ingredients.
"Feta" (a fresh cheese in brine) of Kefalonia, produced by the traditional method.
Lentils Eglouvi (a mountainous area of Lefkada), accompanied by a small amount of
vinegar with rose petals. This rare and delicious varieties of lentils has been awarded in
several exhibitions of agricultural products.
Some local sweets such as "pasteli" and "mantolato" (made of sesame paste, egg white,
honey and almonds), various cakes and fruit liqueurs.
Dairy products.
SWOT Analysis
Agri-food sector in Ionian Island
Strenghtens




Diversification of production (olives,
grapes, vegetables, cheese, sheep and
goats);
High production with product
certification;
Land with high agricultural vocation;
Increase in tourism.
Opportunities



The increase in tourist activity favors
the promotion of local products
SME financing agro food through
programs directed to direct the
European Commission and the
Structural Funds
Development of trade relations with
foreign markets.
SWOT Analysis
Agri-food sector in Ionian Island
Weaknesses




Fragmentation and
pulverization of farms;
Scarcity of food products in
foreign markets;
Poor training of workers in
the sector;
Poor communication in the
early stages of the supply
chain.
Threats





Abandonment of the
agricultural sector;
Lack of competitiveness on
foreign markets
Depopulation of
disadvantaged areas
Price volatility on food
The negative environmental
effects of some livestock
units
Puglia and Ionian Island
Analysis of possible synergies
Swot Analysis
Puglia and Ionian Island
Strenghtens



Produzioni agroalimentari
simili nelle due regioni (Olio,
vino, orticole e produzioni
zootecniche)
Elevata produzione con
certificazione di prodotto
(DOP, DOC);
La vicinanza geografica dei
mercati emergenti (paesi del
bacino del Mediterraneo e
dell'Europa orientale)
Weaknesses



Le Regioni sono distanti tra
di loro;
Scarsa efficienza della
logistica (trasporti e HUB);
Differente legislazione
nazionale.
Swot Analysis
Puglia and Ionian Island
Opportunities
 Maggiore efficienza di
penetrazione dei mercati
esteri;
 Finanziamenti alle PMI agro
alimentari attraverso
programmi a regia diretta
della Commissione Europea
e Fondi Strutturali
 Sviluppo delle relazioni
commerciali con i mercati
esteri di riferimento;
Threats
 Abbandono antropico delle
aree rurali;
 Scarsa efficienza della rete;
 Incremento della
concorrenza dei Paesi in via
di sviluppo.
Integration strategies of the territories
Strengthen the innovative capacity.
Clusters, SMEs, research institutes, technology
centers, training institutes, universities and
institutes of higher education, local, regional
and national? Chambers of commerce,
financial institutions
Environmental protection and promotion of a
sustainable territorial development
National, regional and local authorities, in
association; Agencies and institutions specializing in
the fields of competence;? NGOs; Research
institutions; financial institutions, training centers;
Improvement of mobility and accessibility to the
territories
Public bodies at national, regional and local agencies and
relevant institutions, transport companies, and management
of networks, port authorities, shipping companies, logistics
companies and hubs, telecommunications companies,
companies who specialize in IC & T.
Promotion of a polycentric and integrated
development of space
Local and regional authorities, town and city networks,
groups and unions of local authorities, central
government and regional authorities, institutions and
public agencies in the sector.
Integration strategies of the
territories




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Provision of comprehensive information on innovations and practices,
production technologies and work in both countries;
Increased awareness on the new role of agreements between enterprises
and between public and private entities in an increasingly globalized
market through seminars, publications, outreach events, public media;
Provision of information and guidance for cooperation concerning, in
particular, marketing policies and research and transfer of new
technologies;
development of new ways of business processes on a common basis;
developing mechanisms and practices of integration between companies
and economic systems
Propensity for international
A CASE STUDY OF AGRI-FOOD
SMES PUGLIA
Survey on the internationalization of local
food businesses
The survey aimed to analyze, in a given sample of
firms, the degree of internationalization, the
propensity to processes of internationalization
of companies and the difficulties encountered in
approaching foreign markets.
Below is the result of the analysis.
Survey on the internationalization of local
food businesses




Target: the whole number of companies in the agro-food sector
in Puglia. In particular, all the commercial food processing
enterprises and registered in the National Register of Companies,
within the branch "agribusiness''
The population is made up of 5,331 companies operating in the
food industry.
The population was stratified by different supply chains in which
they operate, referring to the code NACE (Classification of
Economic Activities 2007), which indicates the particular branch
of products or in the same way the supply chain related (ie, oil,
wine, cereals, fruits and vegetables, etc.)
The sample consists of 102 firms
Survey on internationalization of
local food enterprises
Source: authors elaborations
Source: authors elaborations
Survey on internationalization of
local food enterprises
Source: authors elaborations
Survey on internationalization of
local food enterprises
Source: authors elaborations
Main barriers to internationalization
Main reasons not to go international
SMEs’ needs to internationalizations
Attitude to Innovation
Attitude to Innovation
Fonte: ns. elaborazione
Innovation in the internationalization
strategy
The product or process innovation has proven to be an essential strategy for
internationalization:





Still low propensity towards innovation process and product (half of international
businesses innovate, a third of the non-international innovate)
Non International companies do not think innovation is so relevant for entering
foreign markets
International companies think about innovation as inevitable to access
international markets.
General information gap on the opportunities offered by technology, innovation
and knowledge transfer (many companies believe that the nature of the product to
be a barrier to internationalization)
International companies, however, believe that the main obstacles are those
related to free markets and to identify the most suitable commercial channels,
quality of relations between the intermediates.
HOW TO MOVE INTO THE PRESENT /
NEAR FUTURE TO AVOID BEING
EXCLUDED FROM MAJOR EMERGING
MARKETS, WHICH CAN GUARANTEE A
FUTURE FOR THE AGRI-FOOD SECTOR IN
THE TWO REGIONS?
Structuring a network within the Cooperation?
Italy-Greece
The analysis exposed, showing the importance of the
business as a tool to overcome all the adversities that
the individual can not successfully deal with.
Models of aggregation:
consortia;
districts;
PO and APO;
Enterprise networks.
Common Tasks
- Cross-border activities in the economic and social
entrepreneurship and SME development, tourism and culture,
environmental protection, improvement of logistics, support the
development of services and networks of information and communication,
social and cultural infrastructure, with particular attention to those of rural
development
- Transnational cooperation, integrated territorial development:
water management and coasts, accessibility, advanced technologies in the
field of information and communications, maritime safety, prevention of
risks; RTD networks and technology development, etc..
- Networking and exchange of experiences between companies and
entities of local and rural development
Programs for the creation of cooperation networks, studies, data collection,
observation and analysis of the major socio-economic indicators
The EIP (European Innovation Partnership in the
Rural Development 2014/2020)

The EIP "Agricultural Productivity and
Sustainability" aims to provide a working interface
between agriculture, bio-economy, science and
others at EU, national and regional level:



Promoting competitive and sustainable agriculture, able to
achieve “more with less” in harmony with the environment
Promote productivity and efficiency
Two key assumptions:


Multidisciplinary approach
Multi-Stakeholder approach (approach Network)
New actuators: The Operational Groups
 Transfer
of Research Results and Test of new
practices and products
 Bottom-up approach
 Transnational
 Lead by a topic of interest (fruit and vegetables,
oil ..) rather than logic territorial
 Key Role of the private (agricultural and
industrial)
What are the European programs
that promote the internationalization
 Horizon
2020
R&I
 Cosme
Programme for the Competitiveness of
Enterprises and SMEs (formerly CIP)
 GECT
European Grouping of Territorial
Cooperation (favors cross-border and inter-regional).
Conclusioni
Nell’analisi sono emersi diversi fattori di convergenza dei
due Paesi che possono essere superatise:
 Si crea una rete che miri ai processi di innovazione ed
internazionalizzazione;
 Si favorisce il trasferimento di now- how tra i centri di
ricerca e le PMI (o varie forme di aggregazione);
 Si crea un incubatore che permetta il trasferimento di
now- how di cui sopra
 Si favorisce l’utilizzo efficiente dei programmi UE a
regia diretta o fondi strutturali.
Grazie per l’attenzione