Transcript Chapter 16 Atlantic South America

Chapter 16
Atlantic South America
6th Grade Social Studies
Hodnicki
Maps of South America
Political
Physical
Section 1: Physical Geography
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Amazon River / Basin
Brazilian Highlands
Brazilian Plateau
Gran Chaco
Patagonia
Andes
Parana River
Paraguay River
Rio de la Plata
Tierra del Fuego
South America Map
Section 1: Vocabulary
Pampas - A wide, grassy plains region in
central Argentina
 Estuary - A partially enclosed body of
water where salty seawater and
freshwater mix
 Soil exhaustion - The loss of soil nutrients
needed by plants
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Brazil
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Vocabulary
– huge slums that surround some
Brazilian cities
 Favelas
Section 3: Argentina
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Vocabulary:
 Encomienda
- A system in which Spanish
monarchs gave land to Spanish colonists in
the Americas; landowners could force Indians
living there to work the land
 Gauchos - Argentine cowboys
 Mercosur - A trade organization that includes
Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and
two associate members (Bolivia and Chile)
Section 4: Uruguay and Paraguay
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Vocabulary
 Landlocked
- Completely surrounded by land,
with no direct access to the ocean
SECTION 1
Physical Geography
Resources of Atlantic South America
Area of Atlantic South America
Resource
Amazon River basin
rain forest—for food, wood,
rubber, medicinal plants;
gold, other minerals
Brazilian Highlands
oil
Brazilian Plateau
hydroelectric power; minerals
Gran Chaco
hydroelectric power
Pampas
oil, natural gas, minerals
Patagonia
oil, natural gas
Main Ideas
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What major landforms lie between the
Amazon River basin and Patagonia?
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The Brazilian Highlands, the Pampas, and
Gran Chaco are the major landforms that
lie between the Amazon River and
Patagonia.
Main Idea
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What sets the Amazon River apart from all
of the world’s other rivers?
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The Amazon River drains the largest area
and carries more water than any other
river in the world.
Main Idea
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Why is the Patagonia desert dry?
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The Patagonia is dry because the Andes
prevent the Pacific Ocean’s rain-bearing
storms from reaching the area.
Tropical Rainforests:
Where Are Rainforests Located?
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Tropical rainforests
are located near the
equator
One third of the
world's tropical
rainforests are in
Brazil.
What makes the Tropical Rainforest
special?
 Forest People
 Causes of Destruction
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Section 2: Brazil
Section 2 Objectives
Describe the history of Brazil.
 Identify the important characteristics of
Brazil’s people and culture.
 Describe what Brazil’s four major regions
are like today.
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Questions
How have different people influenced
Brazilian history?
 How has cultural borrowing affected
Brazilian culture?
 What are Brazils four main regions?
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SECTION 2
Brazil
Question:
What are some important
characteristics of Brazil’s
various regions?
SECTION 2
Brazil
Brazil
The Amazon dense rain forest; isolated Brazilian Indian villages;
Manaus—major city; Belém—Atlantic port;
large mining district; tensions among Brazilian
Indians, settlers, miners
The Northeast
The Interior
old colonial cities
like Salvador,
suffers from drought,
poorest region,
favelas
savannas and dry woodlands,
could become
agricultural area,
Brasília, the
The Southeast
national
coffee-growing area,
capital
Rio de Janeiro,
richest region,
most people,
São Paulo
Main Ideas
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Many Brazilians are descended from
Africans, Portuguese, Spaniards,
Germans, and Italians, and Poles.
Main Idea
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What is Brazil’s poorest region? What is
its richest and most populated region?
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Brazil’s poorest region is the northeast and
its richest and most populated is the
southeast.
Google Earth
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Brazil
 Brasilia
 Manaurs
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Argentina
 Cordoba
 Cosquin
Brazil
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Section 3: Argentina
Section 3 Objectives
Describe the history of Argentina.
 Identify the important characteristics of
Argentina’s people and culture.
 Describe what Argentina is like today.
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SECTION 3
Argentina
Ethnic makeup of Argentina
Descendants of
Spanish, Italian,
or other European
settlers
97%
Argentine Indians
and mestizos
3%
Main Ideas
Argentine Indians were killed in wars with
the Argentine government. There are few
Indians today.
 Early Argentina was settled under the
encomienda system
 The Pampas became important for
agriculture and the home of the gauchos
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Main Idea
Most of Argentina’s industry is located in the
Buenos Aires area because of its beneficial
position in the country.
 Buenos
Aires is the second largest city in
South America
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Argentina is known for the creation of the
tango dance
Main Ideas
Argentina is a major beef producer and
beef is a large part of their diet
 Argentina is a member of Mercosur
 Argentina has a representative democracy
(republic) with an elected president and
legislature
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Section 4: Uruguay and Paraguay
Section 4 Objectives
Describe what the people and economy of
Uruguay are like today.
 Describe what the people and economy of
Paraguay are like today.
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Questions
What geographic factors support
agriculture in Uruguay?
 How is Paraguay’s economy organized?
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SECTION 4
Uruguay and
Paraguay
Question:
In what ways do the people
and economies of Paraguay
and Uruguay differ?
SECTION 4
Uruguay and
Paraguay
The People and Economy of Paraguay and Uruguay
Uruguay
People
88% European;
most Roman
Catholic; Spanish,
Portuguese (lang.) ; 90% urban;
high literacy rate
Economy
led by Brazil and Argentina;
agriculture, livestock;
hydroelectric power
Paraguay
People
95% mestizo;
Spanish (lang.), Guaraní,
most Roman Catholic
Economy
controlled by
few families and
companies;
surplus hydroelectricity;
agriculture; not much
industry
Main Ideas
Uruguay was controlled by Portugal before
Spain
 Uruguay gained independence from Spain
in 1825 and Paraguay from Spain in 1811.
 Paraguay’s most productive land is located
east of the Paraguay River.
 Paraguay has erected hydroelectric
projects on the Parana River to create
more power, surplus power is sold to Brazil
and Argentina.
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Main Idea
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Where is Paraguay’s most productive
agricultural land?
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Paraguay’s most productive land is
located east of the Paraguay River.
Main Idea
How has Paraguay used the natural
resources for economic development?
 Paraguay has erected hydroelectric
projects on the Parana River to create
more power, surplus power is sold to
Brazil and Argentina.
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CHAPTER 16
Chapter Wrap-Up
1. Which country in Atlantic South America was a
Portuguese colony? What colonial power controlled
the other countries before they became
independent?
2. What major river systems drain much of northern
and central Atlantic South America? What
economic roles do they play?
3. Which is the richest region in Brazil? Which is the
poorest?
4. What and where is the Rio de la Plata?
5. What is the most important agricultural area in
Argentina?
Credits
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All information and activities borrowed
from Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; People,
Places, and Change