Transcript Latitude

How does what happens
up there
Affect what happens
down here
SEASONS
1.How does sunlight hit the
Earth’s surface?
2.Why is it warmer at the equator
and colder at the poles?
3.Why are there seasons?
The latitude and longitude system
Longitude lines run northsouth and meet at the North
and South Poles; also called
meridians.
Latitude lines run east-west
and don't meet; also called
parallels.
Latitude
• The latitude of a country is its angle
above or below the equator.
• For example
•
•
•
•
North Pole - 90° North
South Pole - 90° South
Paris, France - 48° North
Sydney, Australia - 34° South
Latitude
Paris
48°
Equator
Latitude
• Some important lines of latitude include
– The Equator – 0°
– The Tropic of Cancer – 23.5° N
– The Tropic of Capricorn – 23.5° S
– The Arctic Circle – 66.5° N
– The Antarctic Circle – 66.5° S
Longitude
• The longitude of a country is how far
around the earth it lies from London.
• For example
• Manila - 120° East
• New York - 74° West
• The time zones follow lines of longitude
that are every 15° away from London
Longitude
London
New York
Climate and climate zones (interactions
between non-living things e.g. earth and sun)
Each group representing countries from different continents will
research on climate/weather patterns around the world. They will
map out general trends/ and or changes in weather in these
different regions.
Asia
Africa
North America
Middle East
South America
Australia
Europe
Research on climate/weather patterns of assigned country:
Name of country
Location on the planet (longitude/latitude/continent)
Seasons
Geography
Source:
Environmental Issue
www.cia.gov
Weather
Suggested countries:
Greenland
South Africa
Australia
United States
Saudi Arabia
New Zealand
Haiti
Yemen
Canada
Colombia
United Arab Emirates
Russia
Brazil
Afghanistan
Chile
Iraq
England
India
Finland
South Korea
Spain
Japan
Algeria
China
Ethiopia
Philippines
Sudan
Thailand
Organize your
information in an
index card. Make
sure the
information is
neatly presented.
Climate change due to a country’s location
•Latitude effect on seasonal change
•day-light hours
•precipitation levels (rainfall and snowfall)
•average (and max, min) temperatures
•crop growth
•tourism
•ecosystems
•cultural changes due to climate differences (e.g.
S.A.D)
Pork in a petri dish
http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/research/4212533.html
Climate Cards Activity
1. Organize key information of your country in an index card. Make it neat
and presentable.
2. Study the handout: Climate Classification System. Label your card with
the appropriate information (General Climate, Seasons and
Precipitation, and Temperature) using the given letters. For general
climate, refer to the following color scheme:
A- Moist Tropical (Red)
D- Continental (Tan)
B- Subtropical (Yellow)
E1 Polar (White) E2 Sub-polar (Purple)
C- Temperate (Green)
F Highlands (Blue)
3. Form a group with the same climate region. Provide a summary
explanation describing the reasons why your region has the specific
climate pattern.
4. Watch a video clip: Geography Basics
5. Based on the color patterns shown in the video, color a world map
handout.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95TtXYjOEv4
Geography basics
Weekly Schedule- January 25-29
Lesson 24 . Interactions between Earth and Sun
•Climate regions
•Night and Day, Years (Revolution), Warm and Cold,
Seasons, Longitude and Latitude, Weather and
Climate
DAY Lesson 25-26. Properties of Matter
2-3 •Density Circus (Mass vs. Weight; States of Matter;
Density Lab)
•Pressure
Next Lesson 26 . Weather Patterns
Week • Wind, Forms of Precipitation (Rain, Snow, Hail,
etc…)
DAY
1
How does what happens
up there
Affect what happens
down here
EARTH FACTS
Earth's Circumference at the Equator:
Earth's Circumference Between the
(40,075.16 km)
North and South Poles:
Earth's Diameter at the Equator:
Earth's Diameter at the Poles:
Average Distance from the Earth to the Sun:
Average Distance from the Earth to the Moon:
(40,008 km)
(12,756.1 km)
(12,713.5 km)
(149,669,180 km)
(384,403.1 km)
http://geography.about.com/od/learnabouttheearth/a/earthfacts.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95TtXYjOEv4
Geography basics
CLIMATE ZONES
In your world map handout, draw lines to identify the different climate
zones. Color the zones and describe temperature differences.
Peralta Colleges, Physical Geography
FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE
1.Axis or tilt of the Earth
2.Latitude
3.Elevation
4.Precipitation
5.Currents (wind, water)
Guide Questions
1.Why do we have night and day?
2.What is a day/year?
3.How does sunlight hit the Earth’s
surface? (equator, poles)
4.Why is it warmer at the equator
and colder at the poles?
5.Why are there seasons?
When sunlight shines from overhead (on left), one square foot of
sunlight falls on one square foot of ground. When it shines at a shallow
angle (on right), each square foot of sunlight spreads out over many feet
of ground.
http://cseligman.com/text/sky/climate.htm
What causes Night and Day?
DAY AND YEAR
DAY AND YEAR
Rotation
earth’s spinning on its axis
1,600 km/hr (rate of spin
at any point along the
equator)
Revolution movement of earth
around the sun
Peralta Colleges, Physical Geography
March
Equinox
June
Solstice
Sun
September
Equinox
December
Solstice
The latitude and longitude system
Longitude lines run northsouth and meet at the North
and South Poles; also called
meridians.
Latitude lines run east-west
and don't meet; also called
parallels.
Longitude divides the Earth's surface into 360 thin slivers of one degree each.
Latitude divides the Earth's surface into 180 thin rings of one degree each. The
lat/long gridlines are drawn five degrees apart.
The 360 1-degree longitude lines are numbered in two 180-degree lots running east
and west from the 0º line of longitude (also called the prime meridian). The 0º line
runs through Greenwich, England. Halfway around the globe is the longitude line (in
the mid-Pacific) which is both 180º east and 180º west of Greenwich.
The 180 one-degree latitude lines are numbered in two 90-degree lots running north
and south from the 0º line of latitude, which is the Equator. The North Pole is 90ºN
and the South Pole is 90ºS.
TIME ZONES
Time zones: Every 15˚, changes by 1 hour
Length of Day:
http://www.cs.sbcc.net/~physics/flash/LengthofDay.swf
How does the Sun interact with Earth?
• The earth's two main motions are rotation and revolution.
Rotation is the earth turning on its imaginary axis like a top.
Revolution is the earth’s orbit around the sun.
• Earth’s rotation causes differences in time and date. For
convenience, we use standard time which divides the
world into 24 time zones. A new day begins at the
International Date Line (180°).
• The orbit and tilt of the Earth around the Sun gives rise to
the seasons and the latitudes of cities change the
characteristics of the seasons
• As the earth changes its position relative to the sun, the
length of daylight also changes.