Transcript The internet

THE INTERNET
Computer Fundamentals
TODAY I AM:
 Learning about the complexity of sending messages over the Internet
 Translating web addresses into IP addresses
 Solving problems!
SO THAT I CAN:
 Understand the flow of the Internet while learning about web
addresses, IPs and the DNS
I’LL KNOW I’VE GOT IT IF:
 I can differentiate between: WiFi, DSL and Fiber Optic
 Work together with my classmates to translate messages
TERMS TO KNOW:
 IP (Internet Protocol)
Packets
 IP Address
Routing
 DNS (Domain Name
Service)
 URL (Universal Resource
Locator)
 Internet
 Network
Servers
Fiber-Optic Cable
WiFi
DSL/Cable
The Internet, also called the Net, is a worldwide collection of networks
that links millions of busi- nesses, government agencies, educational
institutions, and individuals.
WHAT IS THE INTERNET?
WHERE DID THE INTERNET START?
Department of
Defense
Goals:
 Allowed scientists to share
information
 Function even if part of the
network was disabled or
destroyed
Became functional in
September 1969
THE INTERNET
The Internet consists of many local, regional,
national, and international networks.
Both public and private organizations own
networks on the Internet.
These networks, along with telephone companies,
cable and satellite companies, and the government,
all contribute toward the internal structure of the
Internet.
Each organization on the Internet is responsible only for maintaining its
own network. No single person, company, institution, or government
agency controls or owns the Internet.
THE INTERNET
Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed
broadband Internet service. With broadband Internet service, your
computer or mobile device usually is connected to the Internet the entire
time it is powered on.
CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET
EXAMPLES OF BROADBAND INTERNET
 Cable Internet service:
provides high-speed Internet
access through the cable
television network via a cable
modem.
 DSL (digital subscriber
line): provides high-speed
Internet connections using
regular telephone lines
 Fiber Optic: Uses fiber-optic
cable to provide Internet access
 Fixed wireless: provides high-
speed Internet connections
using a dish-shaped antenna on
your house or business to
communicate with a tower
location via radio signals
 WiFi (wireless fidelity): uses
radio signals to provide highspeed Internet connections to
wireless computers and devices
GETTING TO A WEBSITE
 All addresses inside the
internet are actually
combinations of numbers,
rather than names.
 When you ask for a
specific website, the
inquiry goes out to the
internet to translate that
name into an IP address
 After a series of steps, the
inquiry comes upon the
DNS TranslationTable,
where it can get the
numerical version of the
URL address that you
originally entered
 At last, you’re there!
Believe it or not, the Internet isn’t able to send and receive an unlimited
amount of information at one time.
BUT WAIT!
HOW INFORMATION IS SENT
 Think of it as sending all
your favorite photos to
your grandma in a single
envelope
 It wouldn’t fit!
 Break up the “packet” into
smaller pieces
 Send several “packets” so
you can get grandma your
pics
How will grandma know if all the “packets” arrived?
How will she know what order to open them?
WHAT IF THERE IS A DELAY IN
THE MAIL?
DNS Translation Table
Code.org
23.23.160.123
Thinkersmith.org
64.14.68.10
CSEDweek.org
174.129.210.209
CSisFun.com
198.58.93.24
khanacademy.org
107.20.223.238