Transcript NMA_3 Server Installation

Chapter Objectives
• Install Windows Server 2008.
• Configure networking settings in Windows
Server 2008.
• Manage storage disks in Windows Server
2008.
• Use commands within the Server Core.
Installing Windows Server 2008
• Insert a bootable Windows Server 2008
media and power on the physical or virtual
server.
Installing Windows Server 2008
Installing Windows Server 2008
• You will be
prompted to
enter the
Windows
product key.
• Enter a
legitimate
Windows
product key
and click
Next.
Installing Windows Server 2008
• You will be prompted to either install the full
version of Windows Server 2008 or to
perform a Server Core installation.
• Select a full install.
• Click Next to continue.
Installing Windows Server 2008
• On the following screen, you'll be prompted
to accept the Windows Server 2008 license
terms.
– Read the license terms and then place a
check mark next to I accept the license
terms.
• Click Next to continue the installation.
Installing Windows Server 2008
Installing Windows Server 2008
• On the following screen, you'll be prompted
to select the hard drive partition on which
you wish to install Windows.
– Select the appropriate partition and click
Next.
• The remainder of the installation will run
largely automated until completion.
• On final reboot, you will be prompted to
establish a strong password.
Initial Configuration Tasks
Initial Configuration Tasks
Configuring Basic Network Settings
• To configure the IP address, subnet mask,
and default gateway from the Initial
Configuration Tasks screen, click Configure
Networking.
– The Network Connections screen will open.
• Right-click the Local Area Connection icon
and click Properties.
• Double-click Internet Protocol version 4
(IPv4).
Configuring Basic Network Settings
Configuring Basic Network Settings
Configuring Basic Network Settings
Windows Firewall
• The final task in the initial configuration task
list is to configure the Windows Firewall.
• Initially, the Windows Firewall is on by
default, and this allows you to turn it off or to
change the settings.
Windows Firewall
Server Roles
• Server roles define a particular duty that a
server might perform on a 2008 network.
• Server roles improve security and
manageability of Windows Server 2008
computers.
– Reduces the attack surface.
• You can use the Server Manager console to
install one or multiple Server Roles.
Server Manager
Server Manager – Adding Roles
Features
• The Add features option allows adding
various features and facilities that may be
useful or necessary, depending on your
network environment and requirements.
Server Manager – Adding Features
Server Manager - Diagnostics
Server Manager - Configuration
Server Manager - Storage
Storage in Windows Server 2008
• Once you have installed the Windows Server
2008 operating system, you can add and
remove physical hard disks and logical
partitions to increase or modify the available
storage on your server.
• Similar to other administrative tasks in
Windows Server 2008, you can manage
storage options using either a Graphical
User Interface or a command-line interface.
Server Manager – Disk Management
Types of Disks
• Basic Disks.
• Dynamic Disks.
Basic Disks
• Use partition tables that are recognized and
supported by older operating systems, such
as MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows 98, and
Windows Me.
• Basic disks do not support advanced storage
options, such as striped volumes, spanned
volumes, and RAID-5 volumes.
• All disk drives in a Windows Server 2008
computer begin as basic disks until they are
converted to dynamic disks.
Dynamic Disks
• Provide access to more advanced
configuration features.
• Once a basic disk is converted to a dynamic
disk, that disk can be accessed only by
operating systems that support dynamic
disks: Windows 2000 Professional, Windows
XP Professional, Windows Vista Business,
Enterprise or Ultimate, Windows 2000
Server, Windows Server 2003, and Windows
Server 2008.
Volume
• Describes a logical unit of disk space that is
made up of space contained on one or more
physical disks. Volumes on a dynamic disk
can be configured as simple, spanned,
mirrored, striped, or RAID-5 volumes.
Simple and Spanned Volumes
• Simple volume
– Consists of free space contained on a single physical
disk.
– You can configure all of the available space on a disk
as a simple volume, or you can configure multiple
simple volumes using the space on a single disk.
• Spanned volume
– Made up of free space from multiple physical disks.
– Spanned volumes are not fault-tolerant.
•If you lose one disk in the volume, you will lose all
data contained on all disks.
– Created on 2 to 32 disks.
Striped Volume
• Made up of free space from multiple disks.
• Unlike a spanned volume, though, a striped volume
uses RAID-0 striping to interleave the data across
the disks.
• Improves the read performance of the volume.
• Striped volumes are also not fault-tolerant and will
not withstand the loss of a disk in the volume.
• A striped volume can be created on a minimum of
2 disks and a maximum of 32 disks.
Mirrored Volume
• Fault-tolerant volume consisting of two
physical disks, in which the data on one disk
is copied exactly onto the second disk.
• This provides data redundancy, such that if
one disk in the mirror fails, the other disk will
continue to function without loss of data.
RAID-5 volume
• A fault-tolerant volume where data is interleaved
across three or more disks much in the same way
as in a striped volume.
• Has additional information known as parity.
• If one disk in a RAID-5 volume fails, the data
contained on the failed disk can be rebuilt using
the parity information stored on the disks in the
rest of the volume.
• A RAID-5 volume can be created using a minimum
of three disks and a maximum of 32 disks.
Mount Points
• When you create a new partition, you can
either assign the partition a drive letter, or
else you can configure it as a mount point
that will appear as a folder within an existing
drive letter.
Partition Styles
• All new disks are initialized as basic disks,
and can be initialized using one of two
partition styles:
– MBR (Master Boot Record) — This partition
style is recognized by down-level operating
systems.
– GPT (GUID Partition Table) — This partition
style is recommended for disks larger than
2TB, or disks that are used in Itanium
computers.
Initialize Disk
System and Boot Volume
• System volume contains files necessary to
boot the computer.
• Boot volume contains the Windows
operating system files.
• The system volume and the boot volume can
be, but do not necessarily need to be, the
same volume.
Server Core
• A server installation that possesses an
extremely small installation footprint.
• Provides only the services required to
perform specific roles, such as the DHCP,
DNS, file server, or domain controller roles.
Server Core
Managing Server Core from the Command Line
• To list the current TCP/IP configuration:
netsh interface ipv4 show config
• To configure a static IPv4 IP address:
netsh interface ipv4 add address "Local Area
Connection" <IP Address> <Subnet Mask>
<Default Gateway>
Managing Server Core from the Command Line
• To add a DNS resolver:
netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver "Local
Area Connection" <DNS Server IP Address>
Managing Server Core from the Command Line
• To set the correct time zone for the Server
Core computer:
timedate.cpl
Windows Activation
• To help address the ongoing issue of software
piracy, Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008
include tools to assist administrators in automating
and managing the licensing process for operating
system software on their network.
• Volume Activation is used to manage the licensing
process for volume licenses of both Vista as well as
Windows Server 2008.
• Volume Activation can eliminate the need to
manually enter a product key when the operating
system software is installed, and it allows you to
protect and manage volume license keys
throughout an organization.
Windows Activation
• Microsoft offers two types of software keys
for a Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008
network, depending on the needs of your
specific situation:
– Multiple Activation Key
– Key Management Service (KMS)
Multiple Activation Key
• Used for a one-time activation with
Microsoft’s hosted activation service.
• A MAK key can be activated via the Internet,
over the phone, or by using the Volume
Activation Management Tool (VAMT).
Key Management Service (KMS)
• Allows you to host an activation service locally
within your own network.
• KMS allows you to contact the Microsoft activation
service one time to activate your KMS host, after
which all activation traffic is managed locally.
• Required to have a minimum of 25 Vista
computers and five Windows Server 2008
computers.
• Any computer on your network that has been
activated by an internal KMS host will attempt to
“check in” with the KMS host every seven days,
and will be required to connect to that host at least
once every 180 days to maintain its license.
Summary
• The Windows Server 2008 distribution
media contains a bootable system that can
be used for a standalone software
installation or to repair an existing
installation.
• Windows Server 2008 will be installed on a
single partition specified at the start of the
installation process.
Summary
• Existing files may be preserved, or they can
be destroyed by reinitializing the partition to
which Windows Server 2008 is installed.
• Initial configuration tasks must be
performed after the Windows Server 2008
software is installed to finish preparing it for
use.
– These tasks include setting system
parameters and passwords, adding server
roles, adding server features, and setting up
Windows Firewall.
Summary
• Network addressing is fundamental to
successful communication between
systems.
• DNS provides name resolution to allow
meaningful names to be used to refer to
network addresses.
Summary
• DHCP is a simple, standard protocol that
makes TCP/IP network configuration much
easier for the administrator by dynamically
assigning IP addresses and providing
additional configuration information to DHCP
clients automatically.
Summary
• Clients may be configured to use APIPA or an
alternate static IP address configuration if
DHCP is unavailable.
• Windows Server 2008 allows you to
configure various types of storage including
RAID-0, RAID-1, and RAID-5 storage arrays.
• Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008
use activation technology to help combat
piracy of Microsoft software.