Transcript Chapter 2

Chapter 2
Internet & World Wide Web
Professor Michael J. Losacco
CIS 1110 – Using Computers
Overview
Chapter
2
Discuss the Evolution of the Internet
Understand IP Addresses & URLs
Describe the Purpose of a Browser
Identify Different Internet Services
Identify the Rules of Netiquette
2/28
The Internet
Chapter
2
Worldwide Collection of Networks
Links Millions of:
Businesses
Government Agencies
Educational Institutions
Individuals
3/28
Internet Services
Chapter
2
World Wide Web
E-mail
File Transfer
Newsgroups
Message Board
Chat
Instant Messaging
4/28
History of the Internet
Chapter
2
Origination
Originated as ARPANET in Sept 1969
Goals
Allow Scientists in Different Places to Collaborate
Function Even if Part of Network Disabled
Renamed Internet in the Late 1980s
World Wide Web Proposed In 1989
Tim Berners-Lee
5/28
History of the Internet
Chapter
2
Growth
Today
More than 550 million hosts
1984
More than 1,000 hosts
1969
4 hosts
6/28
History of the Internet
Chapter
2
Control
Organizations Responsible for Own Network
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Tim Berners-Lee, Director
Oversees Research
Sets Standards & Guidelines
7/28
Internet Mechanics
Chapter
2
Access Providers
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
Regional
Provide Access to Specific Geographical Area
National
Provide Access in Cities & Towns Nationwide
OSP (Online Service Provider)
Member-only Features
e.g., Comcast
WISP (Wireless Internet Service Provider)
8/28
Internet Mechanics
Chapter
2
Addressing
IP (Internet Protocol) Address
Identifies Each Device Connected to Internet
Unique Number
2.7/3.7 Billion Used
Run Out in 2012
IPv6 = 3.4 x 1038 v. 232
Domain Name
Text Version of IP Address
9/28
Internet Mechanics
Chapter
2
Addressing
TLD (Top Level Domain)
Identifies Type of Organization
ccTLD
Two-letter Country Code Outside US
ICANN Assigns & Controls TLDs
DNS (Domain Name System)
DNS Server
Translates Domain Name to IP Address
10/28
Internet Mechanics
Chapter
2
11/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Collection of Electronic Documents
Each Document is Called a Web Page
Contains Text, Graphics, Sound, Video
Contains Links to Other Pages
Web Site
Collection of Related Web Pages
Web 2.0
Sites Providing Ways for Visitor Interaction
12/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Web Browser
Program that Allows Access to Web Pages
Netscape
Internet Explorer
Spent $1.25 B
Mozilla
Firefox
Safari
Chrome
Microbrowser
Mobile Devices
13/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Browser Mechanics
14/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Web Addressing
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Unique Address for Page Located on Server
15/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Searching
Search Engine
Search for Word / Phrase
AKA Keyword
Spider / Crawler / Bot
Algorithm Ranks Keyword Relevance
Subject Directory
Organized by Topics / Subtopics
16/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Content
Must be Evaluated for Accuracy
No One Oversees Web Page Content
17/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Multimedia
Graphics
GIF, JPG, PNG
Audio
MP3, WAV
Compression to 1/10 Original Size
Streaming
Transfers Data in Continuous & Even Flow
Podcast
18/28
World Wide Web
Chapter
2
Multimedia
Video
MPG, AVI, MOV, WMV
Vodcast
VR (Virtual Reality)
Simulate Three-dimensional Environment
Second Life, There
19/28
E-commerce
Chapter
2
Business Transaction Using Internet
M-commerce
Mobile Device Used for Transaction
Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
Sale of Goods to General Public
Business-to-Business (B2B)
Business Sells to Other Businesses
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
Consumer Sells Directly to Another
20/28
E-commerce
Chapter
2
Mechanics
21/28
Other Services
Chapter
2
E-mail
Transmission of Messages Over Internet
Messages May Include Attachments
Files, Graphics, Audio, Video
Virus
Volume
1.4 Billion Active Accounts Worldwide
90 Trillion E-mails Sent in 2009
81% Spam
royalpingdom.com 1/10
22/28
Other Services
Chapter
2
Instant Messaging (IM)
Real-time Typed Conversation
Indicate Who You Want to Speak With
Notified When They Are Online
Chat
Real-time Typed Conversation
Discuss Topics of Interest
Chat Room
Location on Server that Permits Discussion
23/28
Other Services
Chapter
2
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Allows Upload / Download of Files
Files Located on FTP Servers
Use FTP Client Program to Access
Mailing List
Topical E-mail Discussion Group
You Must Subscribe to a Mailing List
E-mail Sent to Listserv
Listserv Distributes E-mail to All Subscribers
24/28
Other Services
Chapter
2
Newsgroup
User Sends Message to Newsgroup
Others in Newsgroup Read / Reply
Read with Newsreader Program
Message Board
AKA Discussion Board, Forum
Web-based Version of Newsgroup
Newsreader not Required
25/28
Other Services
Chapter
2
VoIP (Voice over IP)
AKA Internet Telephony
Voice Communication Over Internet
Replaces Standard Telephone Service
Comcast
Vonage
26/28
Netiquette
Chapter
2
Code of Acceptable Behavior
27/28
Netiquette
Chapter
2
Cyberbullying
Online Threats or Offensive Behavior
34% Targeted in Last Year
13-year-old Commits Suicide (10/06)
cyberbully411.com 2010
Unwanted Sexual Experiences
18% Reported Internet Victimization
10% Reported Texting Victimization
is4k.com 4/10
28/28