Transcript What is the Internet?

IT 10103
Introduction to Information
Technology
The Internet & World Wide Web
Began in 1969 with the ARPANET
(Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
ARPANET
3 Goals:
Communication between scientists & universities
Military & Government Communications
Nuclear Proof
The Internet
What is the Internet?
A World-Wide Collection of Networks (Servers)
The Hardware Part of the Network
The Internet
How do we communicate on the Internet?
IP (Internet Protocol) Addresses
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Example:
206.21.59.35
The Internet
How do we connect to the Internet?
Modem (MODdulate/DEModulate)
Analog Device
Connects through the Phone System (POTS)
Limited to 56kbps speeds (56,000 bits per second)
The Internet
How do we connect to the Internet cont’d?
Network Interface Card (NIC)
&
Digital Modems (Routers)
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
Cable
Satellite
ISDN (Integrated Signal Digital Network)
The Internet
How do we get to our websites?
DNS (Domain Name Services) through a
Domain Name Server (DNS Server)
Example:
www.rio.edu
or
206.21.59.35
World Wide Web
What is the World Wide Web (www)?
The World-Wide Collection of Documents that reside
on the Internet (Servers)
The Software Part of the Network
World Wide Web
How do we use the www?
Web Browser Software
Firefox
Internet Explorer
Opera
Netscape
Etc.
World Wide Web
How are documents made on the www?
HTML (Hyper-Text Markup Language)
All web documents are created using the HTML
programming language
World Wide Web
How do we find documents on the www?
Web Address:
http://www.rio.edu/StudentLife/Default.htm
Hyper-Text Transfer
Protocol
Domain Name
Path
Document
World Wide Web
The HTML Programming Language
Very easy to learn and forms the basis for all web
documents
HTML describes how a page should be
formatted.
The Web
How does the Web work?
The web is a collection of networks, starting
near your home or office and expanding until
we reach the global network
The Web
How does the Web work?
We type in a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
of a page and our Web Browser contacts the
computer (web server) where that address is
located (stored).
The Web
How does the Web work?
The Web Server receives your request and
then sends the documents back to us by
breaking them into pieces we call Packets
The Web
How does the Web work?
Packets wander the internet (network) until
they finally end up at our computer to be
displayed on our computer monitors
Packets can be re-routed if there is a
breakdown on the path they are traveling or if
there is congestion as well
The Web
How Fast is the Web?
The time needed to download something on
the web is determined by four factors:
The size of the web page
The speed of the users internet connection
The speed of the web server
The amount of traffic competing for use of the
internet
The Web
How Fast is the Web?
The users internet connection is usually the
slowest of these four
Improving a users internet connection speed
will speed up access to the web the most
Internet & WWW
What makes all of this work?
A Network Protocol
TCP/IP
Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Allows communication between the Internet Servers
and the Web Browsers on Client computers
Internet & WWW
What is the most used part of the Internet?
E-Mail
(Electronic Mail)
Billions of messages are transferred each day
Internet & WWW
Why do I care about all of this?
Answers:
We are in IT 10103 Prof….Dah!
We want to Pass this Course
We like to Strain our Brains
I Paids my Muney, so I wants my Edumakation
Internet & WWW
QUESTIONS?
Internet & WWW
Assignment 01
Page 129
Research Web Exercise #2