Transcript Decoupled Value Prediction on Trace Processors

Mobile IP
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2003-1-VoIP 특론
References
 Tutorial: Mobile IP
http://www.computer.org/internet/v2n1/perkins.htm?SMS
ESSION=NO
 Mobile IP
http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds7-2/mobileip.html
 How Mobile IP Works1.ppt
http://www.mnlab.cs.depaul.edu/seminar/spr2002/Mobile
IP.pdf
 mobile IP and TCP
http://distcomp.ethz.ch/lectures/mobicomp/lecture/8/Ch
apter8MobileIPandTCP4Slides.pdf
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Motivation for the Mobile IP design
1. A mobile node has to change its IP
address whenever it changes its point of
attachment, so that packets destined to
the node are routed correctly
2. To maintain existing TCP connections, the
mobile node has to keep its IP address the
same.
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Requirements to Mobile IP (RFC 2002)
 Compatibility
• support of the same layer 2 protocols as IP
• no changes to current end-systems and routers required
• mobile end-systems can communicate with fixed systems
 Transparency
• mobile end-systems keep their IP address
• continuation of communication after interruption of link
possible
• point of connection to the fixed network can be changed
 Efficiency and scalability
• only little additional messages to the mobile system
required (connection typically via a low bandwidth radio
link)
• world-wide support of a large number of mobile systems
 Security
• authentication of all registration messages
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Terminology
 Mobile Node (MN)
• system (node) that can change the point of connection to the
network without changing its IP address
 Home Agent (HA)
• system in the home network of the MN, typically a router
• registers the location of the MN, tunnels IP datagrams to the
COA
 Foreign Agent (FA)
• system in the current foreign network of the MN, typically a
router
• typically the default router for the MN
 Care-of Address (COA)
• address of the current tunnel end-point for the MN (at FA or MN)
• actual location of the MN from an IP point of view
• can be chosen, e.g., via DHCP
 Correspondent Node (CN)
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Mobility Binding
 The home agent maintains the mobility
binding in a mobility binding table
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Mobility Binding
 The foreign agent maintains a visitor list
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Agent Discovery
 HA and FA periodically send Advertisement
messages into their
 MN listens to these messages and detects,
if it is in the home or a foreign network
•
If MN does not wish to wait for the periodic
advertisement, it can send out Agent Solicitation
messages that will be responded by HA or FS
 MN reads a COA from the FA advertisement
messages
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Registration
 MN signals COA to the HA via the FA, HA
acknowledges via FA to MN
• these actions have to be secured by authentication
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IP-in-IP Encapsulation
 Mandatory in
RFC 2003
 Tunneling
between HA and
COA
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IP-in-IP Encapsulation
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Triangular Routing
 Sender sends all
packets via HA to MN
 Higher latency and
network load
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Change of FA
 Packets on-the-fly during the change can be
lost
 New FA informs old FA to avoid packet loss,
old FA now forwards
 Remaining packets to new FA
 This information also enables the old FA to
release resources for the MN
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Data transfer from the mobile system
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Reverse tunneling (RFC 2344)
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Mobile IPv6
 Mobility support in IPv6 solves many of the
problems of basic Mobile IP
 Some advantages of Mobile IPv6 over
Mobile IPv4
• Route Optimization is built as a fundamental
part of Mobile IPv6
• Foreign Agents are not needed in Mobile IPv6.
The enhanced features of IPv6 like Neighbour
Discovery and Address Autoconfiguration enable
mobile nodes to function in any location without
the services of any special router in that
location.
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