Transcript Operating Systems

Operating Systems
Networking for Home and Small Businesses – Chapter 2
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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Objectives

Describe the purpose of an OS and identify common
operating systems available.

Perform an actual or simulated installation of an
operating system and prepare the computer to
participate on the network.

Maintain the operating system.
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Purpose of an Operating System
 Describe the purpose of an operating system
User Interface: CLI vs. GUI
Connects the user to hardware
CLI: Command Line Interface
GUI: Graphical User Interface
Use of resources: OS vs. NOS
OS provides functionality for one user at a time.
NOS provides resources to multiple users simultaneously
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Purpose of an Operating System
 Identify common operating systems and describe
license requirements
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Purpose of an Operating System
 Operating System Requirements
Go to the Operating system vendors website
Check hardware compatibility www.microsoft.com/hcl
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 Operating system considerations:
Security – is this operating system secure?
Support – who will support it?
Politics – do managers support this effort?
Cost – is this within budget?
Availability – is this product readily available?
Resources – are the resources necessary to deploy it available?
Platform – is this the right technology for the company?
Use – will the users be able to use this product?
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Installation of an Operating System
 Installation methods:
Virtualization (VMWare, Virtual PC)
Clean Install (Clean hard drive)
Multi-boot (Multiple OS, Multiple Partitions)
Upgrade (Install new OS over existing OS)
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Installation of an Operating System
 Pre-Installation Checklist:
1. Verify that all hardware is certified to work with the OS.
2. Verify that the hardware resources meet or exceed the
published minimum requirements.
3. Confirm that the appropriate installation medium (CD/DVD) is
available.
4. If the OS is to be installed on a system that already contains
data: (a) Use system diagnostic tools and utilities to ensure the
current OS installation is in good condition, free of malicious or
damaging files and codes; (b) Complete a full backup of all
important files.
5. If performing a clean-install, verify that all application
software is available for installation.
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 Prepare your computer to participate in the network
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Configuring a Computer for the Network
 To participate in a network a computer must have a
Network Interface Card (NIC)
 Each computer must be configured to participate in the
network:
IP address - identifies the computer on the network.
Subnet mask - is used to identify the network on which the
computer is connected.
Default gateway - identifies the device that the computer uses
to access the Internet or another network.
 A computer can be configured manually or dynamically
(DHCP)
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Computer Naming
 A computer name should be descriptive
so that it can be easily identified on the
network
 A computer name must be unique on
each local network
 A computer description can be given to
provide additional information
 Computer names must be unique and
should be consistent
 IP addresses are like phone numbers on
the network
 IP addresses must be unique
 A computer may have multiple NICs and
each NIC may have more than one IP
address – each address must be unique
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Operating System Maintenance
 A patch fixes a problem or enhances functionality and are
provided by the application or OS vendor to fix a
vulnerability
 Patches should be test thoroughly with business critical
software to ensure that they function appropriately before
they are applied in a production environment.
 Automatic Installation
 Prompt for Permission
 Manual
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Operating System Maintenance
 Identify sources of Applications patches
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Summary
 An operating system is the most important software in a
PC. It is responsible for making all of the components
and software applications work together.
 An OS is installed in a disk partition.
 To participate in a network, a computer requires an IP
address, subnet mask and default gateway.
 An OS must be kept up-to-date with the latest revisions,
or patches.
 Before installing a wireless network an installation plan
should be created.
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ITE PC v4.0
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