Transcript Slide 1

Pope Urban II
O Crusade to retake Holy
Land
O Holy War- lasts 200
years
O Sincere people
respond
O Kings & Merchants=
personal gain $$$
Crusades
O 1st: Somewhat successful
O Take Jerusalem
O 2nd: defeated by Muslims
O 3rd: Muslims prevail
O Richard the Lion-Hearted
O 4th: Crusaders loot
Constantinople
O Splits East and Rome
O Children’s Crusade: sold to
slavery
People of Importance
O Saladin- most famous Muslim leader
O Regarded as honest
O Richard the Lion Hearted- English King
O Crusading spirit
O Defeated Saladin’s army/ had survivors slaughtered
The Crusading Spirit
O Crusades became common and
unsuccessful
O Spain: Reconquista- to drive out Moors
O Inquisition- unify country under Christianity/
suppressed heresy
O Heretics held beliefs different from Church
O Suspected Jewish & Muslim Converts
O Suspects questioned & tortured for weeks
O Upon confession, burned at stake
Effects of Crusades
O Weakened the Papacy
O Strengthened European Kings
O Increased trade with Middle East
O Increased religious intolerance
Trouble in the Church
O Kings become more powerful
O Crusades hurt Church
O Nationalism Grows
Trouble in the Church
O Great Schism:
O French Pope of Avignon and Roman Pope
O Forced to resign and new Pope chosen
O Challenge of Scholars:
O John Wycliffe- Jesus head of church not Pope
O Jan Hus- Authority of bible higher then Pope
O 1415 burned at stake
Bubonic Plague
O 2/3 population in areas of China
O 1/3 population in Europe
O Mongolians- infected fleas and rats
O Trade Routes
Bubonic Plague
O Symptoms:
O Painful swellings “bu boes” in armpit and groin
O Purplish or Blackish spots on skin
O High Fever, chills, delirium & death
O Effects:
O Returned every few years
O Town populations fell/ trade declined/ prices rose
O Farms laid unused
O Church- prayers didn’t work
O Society and Economy fell
100 Years’ War 1337-1453
O British win major battles
O 1346-Crecy- archers win
fight
O Battle of Poitiers
O Battle of Agincourt- King
Henry V
O Joan of Arc 1412-1431
O Visions & Voices of God at
13
O Lead French Army at
Orleans
O Captured 1430 by English
O 1431 burned at stake
100 Years’ War 1337-1453
O Significance
O Nationalism
O Warfare: new strategies
and weapons
O England builds as Island
Country
What Pope called for a Holy
War?
Urban IV
Urban II
Gregory IV
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What Crusade included Richard the
Lion Hearted?
1st Crusade
2nd Crusade
3rd Crusade
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What two religions fought during the
crusades?
Islam & Hinduism
Islam & Judaism
Islam & Christianity
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Who became stronger towards the end
of the crusades?
Papal Power
Priests
Kings
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During the Bubonic Plague, what
region lost 2/3 of the population?
Asia
Europe
Africa
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Who was burned at the stake for
challenging the power of the Pope?
Jan Hus
John Wycliffe
Jan Wycliffe
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What refers to the growing loyalty to
king and country?
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Nationalism
Federalism
Imperialism
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