Transcript Aim - School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer

110CSC004/105
Information Technology
Dr Barry McCollum
([email protected])
Introduction Lecture
• Provide Documentation
• Aims and Objectives
• Course Structure
– Assign Practical Classes
• Assessment
• Syllabus
Aims and Objectives
• Aim
– to provide the fundamental principles of Information
Technology
• word processing
• spreadsheets,
• databases,
• powerpoint
• Internet
• E Commerce
• Objectives
– gain an appreciation of application software packages
– be able to construct a useful spreadsheet
– understand the fundamentals of database systems and
be able to construct simple relational databases
Aims and Objectives
• Objectives (continued)
– learn to use Microsoft Word, Excel, Access and
PowerPoint
– Learn HTML and be able to create World Wide
Web pages
– Foundations of Electronic Commerce
Course Structure
• Read in detail the course material
• Practical based Structure
• Emphases on learning
Course Structure
• 24 Lectures
– Monday and Wednesday 10 - 11am
• Practical Sessions
– 2 hour duration
– Time to be arranged (beginning 2nd week)
• Assessment Sessions
– Fridays 10 - 11 am (beginning 3rd week)
Module Assessment
•
•
•
•
Assessment classes
Web Project
Class Test
Examination
20 %
10 %
10 %
60 %
Text Books
• Mastering Microsoft Office (2nd Edition)
– Clare Martin & Helen Holding
• HTML 4 for the World Wide Web (4th
Edition)
– Elizabeth Castro
• Both books are Compulsory.
Weekly Personal Study
• 2 x 1 hour
• 1 x 2 hour
• 1 x 1 hour
lectures
2 hours
practical class 2 hours
assessment class 1 hour
• 2 x 2 hour
personal study of lecture
material
preparation for practicals and
/ or project work
• 1 x 4 hour
Syllabus
• Course Outline
• HTML
– World Wide Web, simple first page
– Advanced
• Word processing
– advanced exercises
• Spreadsheets
– file management, cell manipulation, layout, functions,
formulas.
– Charts, multi-worksheet workbooks
Syllabus (continued)
• Databases
– introduction, tables
– relationships, queries, forms, reports
– Design and implementation
• PowerPoint
• Industry trends
– E-commerce
Hardware
• 100 plus computers [PCs] in the first floor
lab
• 170 computers in the ground floor lab
• Each computer contains a Intel Pentium
processor and is connected to the School
and University networks
• University has seven Student Computer
Centres
Software
• Each computer has an operating system
– program that co-ordinates the use of the
hardware resources:
•
•
•
•
processor
memory
discs
input/output
– enables several programs to run at one time
– Windows NT
Windows NT
• Route by which we use other programs
– Netscape Internet Browser
– Notepad
– Microsoft Office
• Provides a File System for storing programs
and data
– Windows explorer
– my computer
• Allows computers to be networked
Internet
• Computers connected by telecommunication
networks
• Each computer is identified by a four part IP
address e.g.
– 143.117.5.35
• May have a name attached e.g.
– Lackey.cs.qub.ac.uk
• Any computer can direct messages around the
world
• Introduction by Elizabeth Castro
Internet
• Interactive
• electronic web that connects people and
businesses that have access to networks and
allows them to send and receive E-mail and
to participate in a number of other activities
around the clock
• In essence, the Internet provides two basic
capabilities
– Information retrieval
– Worldwide communication
E Mail
• Most popular networked application
• Messages are stored in a central post office
(an area of disk) mail server
• Each user has a private mailbox on a mail
server
• To gain access the user will need a
username and a password
Structure of a Message
• An e-mail message contains basic elements
– header
• information pertaining to sending a message
– To
• address of the recipient
– Subject
• summary of message
– Cc
• who should receive copies of message
• The text of the message appears in the area
below the header
An E Mail Address
• User may send messages to anyone on the
Internet
• Address depends on the location of the
recipient
• Example
– [email protected]
• Username, mail server, domain by which
the computer is connected
E Mail - Domains
• Networks that comprise the internet are
organised into a series of domains
• Enable E Mails to be delivered
• Universities belong to the “ac” domain
within the UK
• Government agencies are in the “gov”
domain
• Commercial organisations are in the “com”
domain
Internet - History
• Advanced Research Projects Agency
Network (ARPANET)
• Linked Department of Defense centers with
Universities
• Exchange of data through use of Protocols
• Other organisations joined
How the Internet Works
• Data is transmitted through a series of
protocols known collectively as TCP/IP
• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol
• Data is sent from one network to the next in
packets, each packet limited in size
• The rules for creating, addressing and
sending the packets are specifies by TCP/IP
• The TCP portion
– divides the file into packets
– numbers each packet
• The IP portion sends each packet on its way
by specifying the addresses of the sending
and receiving computers so that the routers
will be able to do the same
Internet - Access
• Access through a company’s connection or
through commercial online services
– CompuServe
– Microsoft Network (MSN)
• A standalone PC will gain access through a
dial-up connection via a modem
• Communicate with any computer which
follows the TCP/IP protocol
Current Internet Issues
• security, copyright, theft, unauthorised
access (hacking)
• information overload
• employees are “surfing the net” for fun
rather than for business purpose
• traffic jams
• lack of uniform, interface
• ownership
The Internet applications
• communication and collaboration (using
email, computer conferencing)
• advertising/sending goods and services
• access to online information services and
online databases
• electronic publishing
• commercial (data acquisition, exchange,
distribution)
The World Wide Web
• Originally uninviting and difficult to use
–
–
–
–
ftp
Telnet
Archie
Gopher
• No common user interface to speed learning
• Graphics and sound were not available
World Wide Web
• organised as a hypertext tool designed to
improve access to the Net but now
commonly used as a term for the body of
data available on the net.
• allows users to access and display
documents and graphics stored on any
server on the internet
• Can be thought of as a large subset of the
Internet
World Wide Web
• Consists of hypertext and/or hypermedia
• Hypertext document
– contains a link to another document
• Hypermedia
– provides links to graphics, sound and videoclips
• effortless movement from one document to
another
• (HTML)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(http)
• Every client must be able to display every
document from every server
• Data travels between clients and servers
through a protocol known as http
• A browser is required - Netscape Navigator
• Every server/document has a unique address
• This is known as the documents URL
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
• Location appears in the location text box
• Primarily a means of navigating the Web
• Indicates the address of the Web server from
which a document has been requested
• A URL consists of
–
–
–
–
method of access
internet address of the web server
path in the directory structure (optional)
document name
• http://www.abs.u_net.com/vt/main.html
Search Engines
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•
•
•
•
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Allows information to be found easily
Search Form
Key word search
Query
Each uses own database of documents
Each has a special program - spider
– automatically searches the web on a periodic
basis
• No consensus on the “best” engine
Search Engines
•
•
•
•
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•
Alta Vista
InfoSeek
Lycos
OpenText
WebCrawler
Yahoo
http://www.altavista.com
http://www.infoseek.com
http://www.lycos.com
http://www.opentext.com
http://www.webcrawler.com
http://www.yahoo.com
Questions
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•
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What types of Browsers are there?
What are the differences?
What is XML?
What are the advantages of using XML?