Transcript Introduction to Communications

IIS and PWS
What is IIS and PWS?
Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) and Peer Web
Services (PWS) enable Windows NT servers with the ability to
provide Hypertext Web pages and interactive Web client/server
applications for the internet and/or the private intranets.
IIS and PWS use HTTP, Gopher services and FTP.
Typically, you install IIS on an NT 4.0 server and PWS on an NT
4.0 workstation support. IIS is designed to support high volume
traffic while PWS is better used to support Web services for
small installations.
What is an Intranet?
“An intranet is a network, internal to an organization, that uses
Internet technology, such as the HTTP servers and Web browser
services, to improve internal communications, information
publishing, or the application development process.”
Supporting MS Windows NT 4.0 Core Technologies. Microsoft Education and Certification.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocal
(DHCP)
Enable a DHCP server, such as an NT server, to
automatically assign IP addresses to client
computers including remote ones
Windows Internet Naming Service
(WINS)
• WINS provides automatic resolution of logical computer names
into IP addresses
• Example: [email protected] to 198.198.198.123
IP Address Class
• Class,1st octet, network id , host id, available network, available
hosts on each network
• A, 0-127, fff, sss.ttt.lll,126, 16777124
• B, 128-191, fff.sss, ttt.lll, 16384, 65534
• C, 192-223, fff.sss.ttt, lll, 2097151, 254
• 127 in first octet for loopback testing, (127.0.0.1) return the
message to sender
• 224-239 in the first octet for multicasting, broadcasting to many
hosts on the same network
• 240-255 in the first octet for experimental purposes
Subnets
• 32 bits in one IP address
• Two parts
– Most significant bits (MSB) identifies a specific network
• 0 for the first bit for class A
• 10 for the first two bits for class B
• 110 for the first three bits for class c
– The rest bits identify a host on the network
• Subnet breaks down the hosts into smaller groups
Subnets
• Class A
– [0xxxxxxxx] [xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx]
– [network]
[host]
– [0xxxxxxxx] [xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx] [xxxxxxxx]
– [network]
[subnet]
[host]
• Class B
– [10xxxxxx xxxxxxxx] [ xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx]
– [network]
[host]
– [10xxxxxx xxxxxxxx] [xxxxxxxx] [xxxxxxxx]
– [network]
[subnet]
[host]
Subnets
• Class C
– [110xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx] [xxxxxxxx]
– [network]
[host]
– [110xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx] [x] [xxxxxxx]
– [network]
[subnet] [host]
Subnet Mask
• Subnet mask determines the number of bits used for the subnet
and host portions of the IP address
• 32-bit value: 1-bits for the network and subnet portions and 0-bits
for the host portion
• Reserved numbers in a subnet
– The first number is for the entire network
– The second number is for the default router
– The last number is for the broadcast address for braodcasting to each
machine
Example for Class C Subnet
• 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000
– No. of mask bits: 0
– Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
– No. of subnets: 1
– No. of hosts: 253
– Network number: 255.255.255.0
– Router address: 255.255.255.1
– Broadcast address: 255.255.255.255
Example for Class C Subnet
• 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000
– No. of mask bits: 1
– Subnet mask 255.255.255.128
– No. of subnets: 2
– No. of hosts: 125
– Network number for subnet 1: 255.255.255.0
– Router address for subnet 1: 255.255.255.1
– Broadcast address for subnet 1: 255.255.255.127
– Network number for subnet 2: 255.255.255.128
– Router address for subnet 1: 255.255.255.129
– Broadcast address for subnet 1: 255.255.255.255
Example for Class C Subnet
• 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000
– No. of mask bits: 2
– Subnet mask 255.255.255.192
– No. of subnets: 4
– No. of hosts: 61
NIC Address
• Unique
• Hardware address or MAC address
• A six-byte vendor number and a six-byte network number
• Router has one NIC for each network
• Routing address: IP address and Hardware address
• IP address stay, hardware address change from one router to
another
Name Resolution
• Domain name and IP
• Domain Naming System (DNS) name server is a distributed
database system to enable a computer to look up a computer name
and resolve the name to an IP address
• Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) provide a dynamic
database for managing name resolution
• When DHCP assigns network addresses, WINS automatically
updates the name database to add DHCP IP address assignments
How to Build an Intranet?
• Install TCP/IP on the client computer(s)
• Install TCP/IP on the NT 4.0 Server
• Install and configure DHCP and WINS services (optional but
recommended)
• Install and configure IIS
• Post Intranet material
How to Install TCP/IP and DHCP
1. Select the Network program from the Control Panel
2. Select the Protocols tab and click Add
3. Select the TCP/IP protocol and click OK
4. Click Yes to install the DHCP server
5. The required files are in D:\NT40SRV\i386 directory
How to Configure TCP/IP
6. Go to TCP/IP properties and specify the IP address and Subnet mask
7. Select the DHCP Relay tab and set the server’s IP address as the DHCP Relay
8. Add the DHCP Relay agent service
9. Save your settings
How to Configure DHCP
1. Select DHCP manager from the Administrative Tools
2. In the DHCP server create a scope
How to Install WINS
1. Select the Network program from the Control Panel
2. Select the Services tab and click Add
3. Select Windows Internet Name Service
4. The required files are in D:\NT40SRV\i386 directory
How to Install IIS
1. Select the Network program from the Control Panel
2. Select the Services tab and click Add
3. Select Microsoft Internet Information Server 2.0
4. The required files are in D:\NT40SRV\i386 directory
5. Select all options and install in the default directories.
How to Configure IIS
Use the Microsoft Internet Service Manager (ISM) to configure and monitor the
Intranet services running on any computer in your network.
ISM enables management of multiple servers from one computer including:
•
Connect to servers and view server properties
•
Start, stop, or pause a service
•
Select which services to display
•
Configure service properties (WWW service, Gopher service, FTP service)