Transcript The History of the Internet

The History of the Internet
Joachim Åberg
Peter Hedberg
Distributed Information Systems
1960
Today
The 60's
Telephone – communication network
Berkeley
Packet-switching
MIT
Rand Institute
NPL (National Physical Laboratory)
The 70's
By 1972 - ARPAnet grown to 15 nodes
NCP (network-control protocol). [RFC 001]
The first host-to host between ARPAnet users known as the NCP
Applications
Email program
The 70's
Different packet-switching networks
ARPAnet, ALOHANet, Telnet, Cyclades...
DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)
A network of networks.
Early versions of TCP, UDP and IP in place by the end
of the 1970's.
• 1976 Metcalfe and Boggs started an early version of
Ethernet protocol
The 80's
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ARPAnet
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Huge increase
From 100 to 100000
Why?
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Universities connect
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North Eastern part of USA
CSNet
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connected computers not connected to ARPAnet
The 80's
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Internet cornerstones
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NSFNet created
ARPAnet NCP→ TCP/IP in 1983
Late 80's
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Important extensions to TCP
•
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Implement Congestion Control
DNS
32-bit IP
a.b.c.d
Minitel
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1982
French online service
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Free computer terminals to telephone
suscribers
Services
•
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Online purchases, train reservations. Stock
prices, telephone directory, chat
Estimation: 25 million (out of 60) used it by the
end of the 90's
Similar systems was introduced ( Teleguide)
WWW
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1980
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1984
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Tim Berners Lee
ENQUIRE
Hypertext
Physicist needed to share data
1989
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Proposal ”a large hypertext database with typed links”
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TIM, MOI,WWW
WWW
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1990
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92-95
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HTTP, HTML, browser (WWW)
HTTP, GOPHER
Early Browser
• Mosaic→Netscape Navigator
96-98
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Commercialization of the WWW
Google
Bubble to Present
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1999-2001
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Dot-com bubble burst
2001 →
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Web 2.0
Wikipedia, MySpace, iTunes, Flickr, World of Warcraft,
Facebook, Podcast, Google Earth, Youtube, Twitter,
Bittorrent, G-Mail