Transcript Document

Overview of VPN
1
Private Networks
Organization A
Site 4
Organization B
Site 1
Organization A
Site 3
Organization A
Site 1
Organization B
Site 3
Organization B
Site 2
Leased Lines
Organization A
Site 2
2
Private Network
• Advantages:
– Leased lines are secured
– Privacy and QoS Guarnteed
• Disadvantages
– Leased lines are very expensive
– No of links required grows exponentially if full mesh
connectivity is required and network expands.
– More nos of CPE ports are required
– Network complexity increases as network grows. All existing
sites requires reconfiguration in case of a new site addition.
3
Internet Based Private Network
Organization A
Site 4
Organization B
Site 1
Internet
Organization A
Site 3
Shared Infrastructure
Organization A
Site 1
Organization B
Site 3
Organization B
Site 2
Organization A
Site 2
4
Internet Based Private Network
• Advantages:
– Single physical connectivity at each site.
– No reconfiguration required at existing sites in case
of addition of new site to the network.
– Saving on CPE ports
– Huge saving in annual connectivity charges.
• Disadvantages:
– Highly insecure environment
– No guarantee of Privacy and QoS
– Any unauthorized traffic can enter in private network
5
Virtual Private Network
• Different solutions are available to make
communication over internet safe, secure and it can
also ensure desired grade of quality of service.
• These solutions are known as VPN solutions.
• Different protocols like L2TP, PPTP, IPSec etc are
available to provide VPN solutions to customers.
• These Protocols take care of data authenticity, data
integrity, and if required data confidentiality.
6
Virtual Private Network
Organization A
Site 4
Firewalls
Organization B
Site 1
Internet
Organization A
Site 3
Organization A
Site 1
Organization B
Site 3
Organization B
Site 2
Organization A
Site 2
7
Deploying VPNs in the 21st Century
Corporate
Headquarters
Intranet
Internet
Remote Access
Extranet
•
•
•
•
Branch
Office
Mobile Users and
Telecommuters
Suppliers, Partners
and Customers
Uses IP Infrastructure
– May be shared with Internet services
Increasing importance of IP/MPLS (not ATM/FR)
Subscriber requirements
– Lower operational expenses
– A single network connection for multiple services
Provider requirements
– Multiservice infrastructure
– Create additional source of revenue
8
Virtual Private Network Categories
• VPN can be classified in two categories
– Customer Provisioned
• VPN Tunnels originate and terminate at customer premises
• Provisioning of equipment and allied activities is the responsibility of
the customer
• Provider may not be aware of the VPN tunneling through his network
– Provider Provisioned
• VPN Tunnels originate and terminate at the service provider’s edge
• Responsibilities of creating and maintaining these tunnels lies with
the provider
9
Customer Provisioned VPNs
Secured
Tunnels
Organization B
Site 1
Internet
Organization A
Site 1
Organization B
Site 3
Organization B
Site 2
10
Provider Provisioned VPNs
Secured
Tunnels
Organization B
Site 1
Internet
Organization A
Site 1
Organization B
Site 3
Organization B
Site 2
11
MPLS Based VPNs
• MPLS Based Layer 3 VPNs
– Provider’s router participates incustomer’s layer 3 routing
– Provider router manages VPN-specific routing tables,
distributes routes to remote sites
– CPE routers advertise their routes to the provider
• MPLS Based Layer 2 VPNs
– Customer maps their layer 3 routing to the circuit mesh
– Provider delivers Layer 2 circuits to the customer, one for
each remote site
– Customer routes are transparent to provider
12
MPLS Based Layer 3 VPN
A VRF is created
for each VPN
connected to the PE
VPN A
Site 1
VPN A
Site2
CE–A2
VPN B
Site2
CE–A1
VPN B
Site 1
P
Static
Routes
OSPF
PE 2 Routing
P
CE–B2
PE 1
CE–B1
VPN C
Site 1
P
P
PE 3
CE–A3
E-BGP
VPN A
Site 3
CE–B3
CE–C1
CE–C2
VPN B
Site3
VPN C
Site 2
13
MPLS Based Layer 3 VPNs
• Each VRF is populated with:
– Routes received from directly connected CE
routers associated with the VRF
– Routes received from other PE routers
with acceptable BGP attributes
• Only the VRF associated with a VPN is used
for packets from a site of that VPN
– Provides isolation between VPNs
14
MPLS Based Layer 3 VPNs
• Customers can use overlapping IP addresses
• Customers are free to use any IP address even
private IP addresses.
• Very little manual configuration. Auto discovery of new
sites. No reconfiguration of existing sites in case of
new site addition.
• Cheaper than leased lines as it works on MPLS based
IP infrastructure which is a shared infrastructure.
• QoS can be assured as MPLS has the capability to
provide differentiated QoS
15
MPLS Based Layer 3 VPNs
• Customers can create intranet as well as
extranet with the help of layer 3 VPNs.
• Extranet allows the customers to allow business
partners, suppliers to access their network.
• 100 % secured intranet as well as extranet.
• Single physical connectivity at every site
resulting in very simple network topology.
• Provider participates in customer’s routing
process.
16
MPLS Based Layer 2 VPNs
• Provider edge device delivers Layer 2 circuit IDs
(DLCI, VPI/VCI, or VLAN ID) to the customer
– Customer sees standard FR or ATM PVCs
– From my site, one for each reachable site
• Provider edge device maps the circuit ID to an MPLS
LSP to traverse the provider core
– Label stacking could be used to improve scalability
• Customer maps their own routing architecture to the
circuit mesh
– Customer routes are transparent to provider
– Separation of administrative responsibility
17
MPLS Based Layer 2 VPNs
A VFT is created
for each CE
connected to the PE
VPN A
Site 1
VPN A
Site2
CE–A2
CE–A1
ATM
VPN B
Site 1
VPN B
Site2
ATM
P
PE 2
P
FR
CE–B2
PE 1
FR
CE–B1

P
P
PE 3
ATM
CE–A3
VPN A
Site 3
Each VFT is populated with:

The information provisioned for the local CEs

VPN Connection Tables received from other PEs via BGP or LDP
18
MPLS Based Layer 2 VPNs
• Layer 2 VPN supported Technologies
– Frame Relay
– ATM
– Ethernet
– Ethernet VLANs
– HDLC
– PPP
19
MPLS Based Layer 2 VPNs
• Separation of customer’s and provider’s routing
provides extra confidence to customer about
security of his network.
• Customer can choose any layer 2 connectivity
which is supported by layer 2 VPN.
20
Virtual Private LAN Service VPLS
• Different sites of customer’s network can get
connected to MPLS network on Ethernet just like they
connect with any LAN switch.
• With auto discovery of MAC addressed of devices
each site can learn about the machines connected
with VPLS service.
• To customer it appears very much like a ordinary
Ethernet connectivity.
• To customer MPLS network appears like a huge LAN
switch with which its different site are connected just
like connected with Ethernet LAN switch.
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Virtual Private LAN Service
VPN A
Site 1
VPN A
Site2
CE–A2
VPN B
Site2
CE–A1
P
P
PE 2
PE 1
CE–B2
VPN B
Site 1
P
CE–B1
P
PE 3
VPN A
Site 3
CE–A3
• A private Ethernet network constructed over a ‘shared’
infrastructure which may span several metro areas
• Multipoint to Multipoint Ethernet connectivity where the SP
network looks like an Ethernet broadcast domain
• Compliments Layer 3 2547 and Layer 2 VPNs
22
What is Quality of Service
Desktop
Conferencing,
Distance Learning
Mission-Critical
Applications
E-Mail
FTP
23
Role of QoS
• Protect mission-critical applications
– Voice, ERP, data warehouse,
sales force automation
• Prioritize groups of users
– Finance, sales, suppliers
• Enable multimedia applications
– Distance learning, desktop video conferencing
Quality of Service (QoS)
• MPLS has got very powerful tools like traffic
prioritization, traffic scheduling, traffic shaping,
traffic policing etc to ensure proper grade of
quality of service to customer.
• Broadly three grades of services are available
at present in MPLS VPN Service
– Gold (Guaranteed bandwidth, delivery, Jitter and
latency)
– Silver (Guaranteed delivery)
– Bronze (Best effort)
25
Three Classes of Service
• Three class of service according to the
customers requirement (Gold, Silver & Bronze)
– If customer requirement is more than 2 Mbps then
tariff will be n x tariff for 2 Mbps.
Class
of
Service
Comitted
Bandwidth
(%)
1.
Gold
2.
3.
Sl No.
Tariff per Annum (Rs in Lakhs)
64
kbps
128
kbps
256
kbps
512
kbps
1 Mbps
2 Mbps
99
0.77
1.38
2.38
3.69
5.84
12.32
Silver
50
0.58
1.04
1.79
2.76
4.38
9.24
Bronze
25
0.38
0.69
1.19
1.84
2.92
6.16
26
Service Tax & Discount
• Service tax @ 10% will be charged w.e.f
10/9/2004 and
• Education cess @ 2 % of the service tax will
also be levied in addition to service tax
No of Ports
Discount on VPN Port
2 to 5
10 %
6 to 10
12 %
11 to 15
15 %
16 and above
20 %
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Tariff for Leased Line Data Circuits
S.N.
Distance
(kms)
64 Kbps
(Rs.)
2 Mbps
(Rs.)
8 Mbps
(Rs.)
34 Mbps
(Rs.)
140 Mbps
(Rs.)
1
50
34,319
3,48,642
13,94,568
55,78,272
2,23,13,088
2
100
40,646
5,38,454
21,53,816
86,15,264
3,44,61,056
3
200
54,412
9,51,431
38,05,724
1,52,22,896
6,08,91,584
4
300
68,178
13,64,407
54,57,628
2,18,30,512
8,73,22,048
5
400
81,944
17,77,384
71,09,536
2,84,38,144
11,37,52,576
6
500
95,710
21,90,360
87,61,440
3,50,45,760
14,01,83,040
7
Beyond
500
96,000
(Fixed)
22,00,000
(Fixed)
88,00,000
(Fixed)
3,52,00,000
(Fixed)
14,08,00,000
(Fixed)
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Tariff for 128 kbps to 960 kbps
• The tariffs for 128 kbps to 960 kbps is equal to
– the tariff for 64 kbps x by the coefficients as below
Capacity
Coefficient
960 kbps
7.6
768 kbps
6.4
512 kbps
4.8
384 kbps
4.0
320 kbps
3.6
256 kbps
3.1
192 kbps
2.5
128 kbps
1.8
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ICICI Bank Case Study
• Total nos of Leased Lines of Various capacities
across the Country – 82
• Total Annual charges paid – Rs 142604651/• 75 links were possible to be shifted on VPN
• Cost of 75 VPNs of different capacities –
Rs- 7,30,00,000/• Cost of rest 7 leased lines – Rs-50,00,000/
• Total cost – 7,80,00,000/30