Transcript TE Solutions

Seminar
Overview of IPTV systems
October 2009
Ernst Nordström
[email protected]
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Switch from analog TV to digital TV
• Countries in europe will switch from
analog TV to digital TV by 2012
• Competition between traditional DTV
operators (cable, satellite, terrestrial) and
IPTV operators
• From a customer point of view, the
meaningful differences between
alternative DTV offerings are
functionality, quality and price
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History of IPTV
• Packet-oriented communication first
proposed by Paul Baran, Rand
Corporation, US in 1962
• Statistical multiplexing of video proposed
by Haskell at Bell Laborarories, US in 1972
for a picturephone application
• First IPTV service in Europe introduced in
Italy by FastWeb in 2001
• France Telecom and Telefonica introduced
IPTV services in 2003
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IPTV in parallel with Internet TV
• IPTV is called managed TV since capacity is
reserved for video transmissions
• Internet TV is called unmanaged TV since
capacity is not reserved for video
transmissions
• Today telcos tend to offer IPTV and Internet
TV in parallel
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Worldwide IPTV subscribers
• Today (2009), there are almost 600 commercial IPTV
launces worldwide
• Worldwide IPTV subscriber base will reach 19.6 M in 2008
• Western Europe will reach 8.2 M subscribers in 2008 and
grow to 18.8 M in 2012
• Asia-Pacific will reach 6.5 M subscribers in 2008 and grow
to 8.7 M in 2012
• 1.1% of households worldwide will be IPTV subscribers in
2008
• 2.8% of households worldwide will be IPTV subscribers in
2012
• Some analysts believe it will take several years before the
customer base for IPTV will become significant (2013: 90
million; 2016: 300 million).
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Source: Gartner
Market share of IPTV in the
Swedish DTV market
• The Swedish DTV market is divided between
different operator segments: cable operators
(23%), satellite operators (35%), terrestrial
operators (33%), and IPTV operators (9%).
• The company IDC predicts the market share
of IPTV in Sweden will increase to 26% by
2011.
• Dominant digital IPTV operators in Sweden:
TeliaSonera, Bredbandbolaget/Viasat,
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CanalDigital, and FastTV.
Top 10 IPTV operators in 2008
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Iliad (Free) - France
France Telecom (Orange) - France
PCCW - Hong Kong
Nuef Cegetel - France
Telefonica - Spain
Chunghwa Telecom - Taiwan
China Telecom - China
Belgacom - Belgium
TeliaSonera - Sweden
Fastweb - Italy
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IPTV players
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Equipment providers
Solution integrators
Network providers
Service providers
Content providers
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IPTV operators
• Incumbent telecoms (telco) operator
– Incumbent owns network infrastructure
• Alternative network operator (ANO)
– Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), or
– Local loop unbundling (LLU) rented from
incumbent operator
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Sections of an IPTV system
• Head end is central or regional site that
transmits video information stored on VoD and
broadcast servers.
• Home end comprises the modem and reception
equipment including PCs and set top boxes
(STBs) where content is displayed.
• Aggregation and transport network consists
of all the communication equipment to link the
home and head ends.
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IPTV architecture
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Software components of an IPTV
system
• Application and content platform
• Middleware
• Resource and admission control function
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Hardware components of an IPTV
system
• Home network
– residential gateway
– set top box
• IPTV service network
– security and monitoring
– IPTV HW platform
– IPTV SW platform
• Access network
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optical network
access network
IP & Ethernet aggregation
data centre network
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IPTV video encoding
and transmission
• Date centers in existing IPTV networks
encode video information by MPEG-2 or
MPEG-4 AVC
• Encoded video is transmitted using a CBR
or capped VBR model
• CBR model gives constant bit rate at the
price of variable quality
• VBR model gives constant quality at the
price of variable bit rate
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Categories of IPTV video transfers
• Stored video
– Often requested video contents for BTV and VoD can
be transferred in advance from VHE to VHOs based
on channel and program popularity scores
– Rarely requested video contents for BTV and VoD
should not be prefetched and must be transferred on
an on-demand basis
• Live video
– Live video for BTV must be transmitted in real time
can not be prefetched and must be transferred on an
on-demand basis
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IP router
• Packet routers in IPTV networks consist of a
switch core and multiple input and output
controllers
• Queueing of packets is possible at the
input/output controllers
• Input controllers have queues to store packets
waiting for switching to an output link
• Output controllers have queues to store packets
waiting to be scheduled for transmission
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Performance measures
• Quality of Service (QoS)
– Information transport performance
– Packet loss, delay, delay variability
• Grade of Service (GoS)
– Network availability
– Call blocking probability, call set-up delay
• Quality of Experience (QoE)
– Describes users satisfaction of all imperfections
affecting the service
– Video quality, channel change time, blocking
probability for VoD requests
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Traffic engineering in
IPTV networks
1. IPTV networks are most likely to operate
under packet scale congestion
2. Markov traffic models are sufficient for IPTV
networks
3. Traffic smoothing or shaping is
recommended and will improve the
statistical multiplexing gain
4. Simple metods like Chernoff bound could
be used by CAC in IPTV networks
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