Transcript ppt - Parallels H-Sphere cse.uiu.ac.bd

A study on IEEE 802.16e /Mobile WiMAX
Networks
Prepared For :
Mohammad Mamun Elahi ,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
United International University
Prepared by :
Khorshed Alam ID 012112018
Asaduzzman
ID 012112001
Nasir Uddin
ID 012 112 006
Md.Shahariar kabir ID 012 112 012
Contents
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Introduction
Motivation
Objectives and purposes of the study
Over View of Mobile WiMAX & Features
WiMAX & Other Broadband Wireless Technologies
How WiMax Works
WiMAX systems
WiMAX MAC Layer
WiMAX PHY Layer
WiMax Network Reference Model
WiMAX Applications, Services & Deployment
Conclusion
Introduction
WiMAX is to promote deployment of broadband wireless access
networks by using a global standard and certifying interoperability
of products and technologies and to provide a cost effective wireless
connection with high data rate and coverage which will be the best
alternative to DSL,Wifi or cellular data services.
Motivation
Mobile WiMAX is based on IEEE-802.16e specification and it is
expected to deliver high quality wireless broadband service. Recently,
wireless technologies research and trends hold the attentions of
academicians, technology professionals and expert. Due to tremendous
advancement of wireless technology researcher, academician has put
significant effort and study on it. Hence, in this term paper has
concentrated on IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard where aim to advanced
study and discuss about Mobile WiMAX PHY, MAC layers, end to
end Architecture .
Objectives and purposes of the study
The objectives of this term report is to study in dept
about WiMAX technology. Hence , we emphasized on
following aspect of this technology.
q
q
q
Wireless broadband technology
WiMAX PHY and MAC layer
WiMAX Network reference model
& WiMAX Applications, Deployment
What is WiMAX
WIMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access
 WiMAX refers to broadband wireless networks that are based on
the IEEE 802.16 industry standards.
 WiMax is intended for wireless" metropolitan area network".
wimax can provide broadband wireless access up to 30 miles for
fixed station and 3-10 miles for mobile station. WiMax operates
on both licensed and non-licensed frequencies providing a
regulated environment and viable economic model for wireless
carrier.
Features of mobile WiMax:
• OFDMA: The mobile WiMax air interface uses orthogonal frequency
division multiple access.
• High data rates: WiMax technology support both peak downlink and
uplink high data rates.
• Quality of service: The fundamental premise of WiMax medium
access control (MAC) architecture.
• Scalability: The mobile WiMax technology utilize scalable
OFDMA(S-OFDMA) and has the capability to operate scalable
bandwidths from 1.25 to 20 MHz .
• Security: The mobile WiMax incorporates the most advanced
security features such as Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) ,
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) , and cipher based
authentication code(CMAC) .
• Mobility: The mobile WiMax supports optimized handover schemes
with latencies less than 50 ms to ensure real time applications such
as Voice over Internet Protocol. (VoIP)
How WiMAX Works?
How WiMax Works
• WiMax operates on the same general principles as WiFi -- it sends
data from one computer to another via radio signals. A computer
(either a desktop or a laptop) equipped with WiMax would receive
data from the WiMax transmitting station, probably using encrypted
data keys to prevent unauthorized users from stealing access.
• A WiMax system consists of two parts:
A WiMax tower-A single WiMax tower can provide coverage to a
very large area -- as big as 3,000 square miles (~8,000 square km).
A WiMax tower station can connect directly to the Internet using a
high-bandwidth, wired connection. It can also connect to another
WiMax tower using a line-of-sight, microwave link
A WiMax receiver - The receiver and antenna could be a small box
or PCMCIA card.
WiMAX & Other Broadband
Wireless Technologies
There are wireless technologies other than WiMAX,
each has its Pros and Cons where the tradeoff is
between MOBILITY and SPEED.
WiMAX Positioning:
Wireless Technology Comparison
WiMAX
Network
Simplicity
Large
Coverage
WiFi
Broad
Band
Full
Mobility
3G /HSDPA
Security
QoS
Comparison of wireless technologies
Standard
Family
Radio Tech
Downlink (Mbit/s)
Uplink (Mbit/s
HSPA+
3GPP
CDMA/FDD
MIMO
21
5.8
84
22
672
168
WiMAX
IEEE 802.16
MIMO-SOFDMA
128 (in 20MHz
bandwidth
FDD)
56 (in 20MHz
bandwidth
FDD)
LTE
UMTS/4GSM
OFDMA/MIMO/SCFDMA
100 (in 20MHz
bandwidth
FDD) Cat3
50 (in 20 MHz
bandwidth
FDD) Cat3/4
150 (in 20MHz
bandwidth
FDD) Cat4
75 (in 20 MHz
bandwidth
FDD) Cat5
300 (in 20MHz
bandwidth
FDD) Cat5
Wi-Fi
802.11 (11n)
UMTS W-CDMA
UMTS/3GSM
HSDPA+HSUPA
OFDM/MIMO
300 (using 4x4 configuration in 20MHz
bandwidth)
or 600 (using 4x4 configuration in 40MHz
bandwidth).
CDMA/FDD
0.384
0.384
CDMA/FDD/MIMO
14.4
5.76
Mobile WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX
Mobile WiMax is based on the IEEE 802.16e standard for
portable and mobile applications in NLOS environment.
However, Mobile WiMax systems also can provide fixed
and nomadic access.
Mobile WiMax incorporates additional features crucial to
mobile applications: handoff, flexible power management
(sleep mode and idle mode), channel bandwidth
scalability (SOFDMA),and better NLOS performance and
indoor penetration. Mobile WiMax is the technology that
best meets the demand for personal broadband
services.
Mobile WiMAX (Con’d..)
WiMAX Systems
A WiMax system consists of
two parts:
WiMax MAC layer
WiMAX PHY layer
IEEE 802.16e Layer
WiMax MAC layer
 Convergence sublayer
Handle the higher-layer protocols

Common part sublayer
Channel access, connection establishment
and maintenance, and QoS
 Security sublayer
-Authentication, secure key exchange, and
Encryption
-Privacy key management (PKM) for MAC layer
security. PKM version 2 incorporates support
for extensible authentication protocol (EAP).
Ethernet /IP
Protocol/ATM TDM
Voice,
Packeting /
Fragmentation/
QoS/ ARQ
Encryption
WiMax PHY layer
WiMax PHY layer
•
Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning
subsets of subcarriers to individual users
• 802.16e uses Scalable OFDMA to carry data, supporting
channel bandwidths of between 1.25 MHz and 20 MHz, with
up to 2048 sub-carriers.
•
It supports adaptive modulation and coding, so that in
conditions of good signal, a highly efficient 64 QAM coding
scheme is used, whereas when the signal is poorer, a more
robust BPSK coding mechanism is used.
• In intermediate conditions, 16 QAM and QPSK can also be
employed. Other PHY features include support for Multiplein Multiple-out (MIMO) antennas in order to provide
good NLOS (Non-line-of-sight) characteristics (or higher
bandwidth) and Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)
for good error correction performance
Duplexing Scheme in WiMax :
WiMax implementations either on licensed or unlicensed
bands most use TDD.
The reasons are TDD uses half of FDD spectrum and saving the
bandwidth. And TDD system is preferable to handle asymmetric
data.
Modulation
/Power
Control
Physical Layer (Cont’d..)
•It is 802.16e uses scalable
orthogonal frequency-division
multiple access (SOFDMA).
- Scalable channel
bandwiths from 1.25 to 20
MHz.
•Also bring Multiple Antenna
Support through Multiple-input
multiple-output
communications (MIMO).
•This brings potential benefits
in coverage:
– power consumption
– frequency re-use.
– Bandwidth efficiency.
WiMax Network Reference Model
NAP
Network Access Provider
Fig: end-to-end WiMAX architecture
NSP
WiMAX Applications
WiMAX Applications
• Private Networks
–
–
–
–
–
Cellular backhaul
Wireless service provider backhaul
Education networks (university campus)
Public safety (police, defense)
Offshore communications (oil rigs)
• Public Networks
– Wireless service provider access network
– Rural connectivity
• Triple Play
WiMAX Applications(Con’d..)
Triple Play
• Appearance of VoIP made it possible for
Voice over WiMAX  Voice services
• Appearance of IPTV made it possible for
TV over WiMAX  Video services
• Integrated network: Data, Voice and Video
WiMAX Potential Applications
(Con’d)
•
•
•
•
•
Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots with each other and to other parts of the Internet.
Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for last mile broadband
access.
Providing high-speed data and telecommunications services.
Providing a diverse source of Internet connectivity as part of a business
continuity plan.
Providing nomadic connectivity.
WiFi enabled Device
802.11a/b/g
WiMAX Deployment & Scenarios
Types of WiMAX Network
Deployment Senarios
WiMax Deployment in Bangladesh
WiMAX winners
Banglalion Communications LTD
Authority/Agency: Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory
Commission (BTRC)
2.3GHz and 2.5GHz WiMAX
Banglalion obtained license to operate WiMAX in Bangladesh through an
open bid process at a cost of about 31 million USD. Banglalion was the
highest bidder in obtaining the access frequency in 2.5 GHz band, the
license allows using WiMAX standard 802.16e.
Practical WiMAX Solutions
Example of Practical WiMAX BTS
Example of WiMAX System
Components
Subscriber Units
•There are two versions:
– Indoor SU.
– Outdoor SU.
•Indoor units are comparable in size
to a cable modem or DSL modem.
•Outdoor units are roughly the size
of a laptop PC, and their installation
is comparable to a residential
satellite dish.
• There is an increasing focus on
portable units including handsets
and PC peripherals.
Outdoor subscriber unit
nomadic, single-box WiMAX
device
Indoor subscriber unit
Mobile
devices
USB
Dongle
Example of System Components
Example of System Components (Con’d)
Outdoor CPE
Primary System Components
• BTS
– Integrated 90-degree antenna
– 4 Sectors
– 11 dBi Gain
• Outdoor CPE
– Integrated multi-element 30-degree antenna
– Ethernet LAN
– 12 dBi Gain
• Indoor CPE
–
–
–
–
Four integrated 90-degree antennas
Switched directional antenna diversity
Ethernet LAN
7 dBi Gain
Conclusion
Mobile WiMax is based on a very flexible and robust air interface. it is
an excellent complement to other wireless technologies that are offer wider coverage
and high throughput.
Mobile WiMax provides superior throughput and spectral efficiency compared to
planned 3G CDMA-based enhancements, EVDO and HSPA.
Lessons Learned
Comprise various wireless technology, WiMAX Physical, MAC layer , end
to end reference model and WiMAX applications, services & Deployment.
Future work
simulate WiMAX System Performance and link-level simulation in any
modeling platform such as Simulink, Network Simulator 2 (NS2), CoWare,
OPNET, OMNET++, and Qualnet. Further study can also be made for a
more suitable and optimal propagation model and scheduler for WiMAX
networks.
The Future /Present?
Where do WiMAX go from here….
Next version of the mobile WiMAX standard to follow IEEE 802.16e
IEEE plans to published a draft of the next version of the mobile
WiMAX standard to follow IEEE 802.16e
IEEE Approved
The ITU accepted the IEEE’s proposal, designating 802.16m as IMTAdvanced, 4G technologies. Systems based upon IEEE 802.16m
have already been demonstrated to be capable of delivering peak
throughputs in excess of 300 Mbps in a mere 20 MHz of spectrum.
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