Transcript Mid-Semester Powerpoint Presentation 1937 kb

Accessible Pill Cap
Dispensing/Cutting Device
Team Leader: Max Michalski
Communications: Ashley Huth
BWIG: Bryan Fondrie
BSAC: Joe Ferris
Client: John Enderle, Ph.D
Local Client: Mitch Tyler, Ph. D
Advisor: Naomi Chelser, Ph.D
Overview
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Problem Statement
Background
Design Requirements
Accessibility
Current Products
Designs
Future Work
Problem Statement
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Currently, errors in medication administration and
compliance are persistent problems in home
medication.
Common errors include skipped dosages,
confusion over what pill to take at an appropriate
time, and misinterpretation medication
instructions.
Many current pill dispensers incorporate
medication reminders; however, few relay missed
dosage information to medical personal.
No current pill dispenser has the ability to cut pills
in half.
Background-Problems with
adherence to medication
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Reported average adherence rates of 43%-78%
for patients receiving treatment for chronic
conditions
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HIV Patients
Patients with Psychiatric illnesses
Elderly
Reasons: forgetfulness, other priorities, decision to
omit dosage, lack of info, and emotional/physical
factors
The ability of physicians to recognize poor
adherence1
Background-Measures of Adherence
METHODS
Measurement of level of
medicine in blood
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Objective
Variations in
metabolism, expensive
Rate of prescription refills
Objective, easy to
obtain data
Patient self-reports
Simple,
inexpensive
Susceptible to error
and can be distorted
by patient
Precise, track
patterns of taking
meds
Expensive,
downloading data from
medication
Electronic monitors
Prescription is not
equal to ingestion
Design Requirements
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Accurately Dispense Multiple Medications
Moderately Priced
Dispense Varying Doses
Precisely Cut Pills in Half
Functional for Home or Clinical Environment
Medication Alarm System
Record Medication History
Accessible Device
Background- Accessibility
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Accessible Design
Adheres ADA Specifications
 Operable by persons with multiple,
varying disabilities
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 Sensory
Motor, Physical, & Cognitive
Eliminate disability-associated barriers
 For home & general hospital use
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 FDA
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Class I Specifications
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Background- Current Pill
Dispensers
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Pill Boxes/Organizers ($5-$60)
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Correct # of pills for each day
Do not monitor ingestion or alert caregiver
in any way when missed
Weekly preloaded pills3
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Pill Dispensers ($500-$1500)
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Records daily dosages taken
Contacts Caregiver if dosage skipped
Monthly preloaded pills3
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*Currently, there are no dispensers
that can cut pills!
Background- Current Pill
Cutters
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Pill Cutters
Small, hand held devices
 Uniform cutting not guaranteed
 Work only for certain pill
shapes/sizes/compositions
 Cost-effective
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Background- Previous Design
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Limitations
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Not universal
Large
Expensive
Doesn’t make the “cut”
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Alternative Dispensing Mechanism:
PEZ™ Dispenser
Use PEZ™ dispenser mechanism
to release one pill at a time.
Alternative Dispensing Mechanism:
Manual Measurer
Final Component Breakdown
Pill Storage
Motor
Cutting Blade
Half Pill Storage
Pill Drum
½ & Full Pill Shoot
Pill Funnel
Pill Slide
Collection Dish
Pill Cutting Mechanism
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360 Rotation
Cuts From Outside
Pendulum Motion
Rotating Blade
Universal Pill Drums
Adaptive for all pill sizes and shapes
 Turnbuckle adjustment
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Self-centering
Cup-holder clamp
Display and Controls
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Touch screen
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High resolution & contrast
Low activation pressure
Large/broad text
Program
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Controls timed dispensing
of specific quantity of pills
Adjustable audible alarms
Alerts off-site caregiver
Total Assembly
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Compact design
Able to accommodate
more pills if needed
Each dispenser and
cutting device is
easily accessible
Future Work
Finalize Components & Dimensions
Purchase Materials
Construction
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Mechanical Build
Circuitry
Programming
Integration of Components
Testing & Validation
References
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1 Osterberg, Lars, and Terrence Blaschke. “Adherence to
Medication” Drug Therapy 353: 487-497.
Salzman, C. “Medication Compliance in the Elderly.” J Clin
Psychiatry 56 (1995): 18-22.
2 “Americans with Disabilities Act Homepage”.
<http://www.ada.gov/>. Oct 2, 2007.
3 “E-pill Medication Reminders”. <http://www.epill.com>.
2004.
4 Haggerty, Michael. “The Daily Dose”. <
http://www.amdd.com>. May 2006.
QUESTIONS?