Transcript Psychological Issues in Diabetes and Heart Disease

Spencer Nance
PSY 328/01
March 11, 2015
Dr. Gordon Cappelletty
Diabetes & Heart Disease
 Two major health problems
 Affect individuals physically and
psychologically
 Medical challenges
 Long term lifestyle changes
(Stuckey et al, 2014)
Diabetes: Initial Diagnosis



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8,596 study participants with Type I or II diabetes
46% reported negative psychosocial well-being
Difficult diagnosis period
Difficulty in managing symptoms and coping with
complications
 Feelings of sadness, anxiety, helplessness, and
depression
 Daily balancing act with medications, diet, and
exercise
(Stuckey et al, 2014)
Diabetes: Life-long Commitment
 Long term commitments to disease can be
exhausting
 Multitude of lifestyle changes
 Feelings of deprivation and isolation
 Frustrations associated with everyday required
tasks can cause non-compliance
 Emotional trauma from diagnosis can lead to
depression
(Stuckey et al, 2014)
Diabetes: Fear & Acceptance
 Acceptance more difficult with unexpected diagnosis
 Daily stress in living with diabetes, which can lead to
unhealthy behaviors
 Fears over potential complications associated with
disease
 Fears over physical requirements associated with
disease
(Stuckey et al, 2014)
Diabetes- Coping
 Need for adaptive coping skills
 Conquering obstacles
 Supportive family and friends
 Take one day at a time
(Stuckey et al, 2014)
Video: Diabetes & Depression
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pm4aZ0vJiBw
(Engel, 2010)
Cardiovascular Disease:
Early Crucial Period
 Prone to adverse psychological issues
 Individuals who survive a heart attack are 3 times
more likely to have depression within first 6
months
 Post-myocardial infarction depression- risk factor
for further heart attacks and death
(Vogele, Christ & Spaderna, 201 2)
Cardiovascular Disease: Study
 Worries over perceived threats after having a heart


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
attack
Fears of having another cardiac event
Fears over limitations in work or other activities
Feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt
Fears over interpersonal relationships
(Vogele et al, 2012)
Negative vs. Positive Coping
 Individuals who dwell on traumatic past cardiac events are
at an increased risk for adverse psychological issues
 Lack of coping skills can lead to depressed mood,
pessimism, and family conflicts
 Individuals who feel in control of disease process report
less symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression
 Cardiac rehabilitation programs can be beneficial in
managing psychological symptoms
(Vogele et al, 2012)
Study on Patient Outlooks
 Patients who have an optimistic outlook and seek
rehabilitation after heart attack are at a decreased risk
of developing adverse psychological issues
 Patients with pessimistic outlook after heart attack are
at an increased risk of adverse psychological issues and
will have more difficulty in overcoming depression
(Vogele et al, 2012)
Interventions
 Rehabilitative programs offer support during recovery
period
 Psychological interventions and counseling should be
started upon diagnosis
 First 2 weeks after diagnosis is most crucial time for
risk of depression
(Vogele et al, 2012)
Video: Heart Attacks & Depression
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RND_o8-fbks
(Baylor Health Care System, 2010)
Conclusion
 Diabetes and cardiovascular disease- devastating
diagnosis for the patient
 Both cause life-long physical and psychological
challenges
 Both require long-term lifestyle changes, which can be
stressful and difficult
 Ongoing monitoring and support for adverse
psychological issues are crucial
(Vogele et al, 2012)
References
 Baylor Health Care System (2010). Heart attacks and depression [Video
file] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=RND_08-fbks
 Engel (2010). Diabetes and depression [Video file] Retrieved February
28,2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch/v=pm4aZovJiBw
 Stuckey, H.L., Mullan-Jensen, C.B., Reach, G., Kovacs-Burns, K., Piana, N.,
Vallis, M., Wens, J., Willaing, I., Skovlund, S.E., & Peyrot, M. (2014).
Personal accounts of the negative and adaptive psychosocial experiences
of people with diabetes in the second diabetes attitudes , wishes and needs
(DAWN2) study. Diabetes Care, DOI: 10.2337/dc13-25361935-5548.
 Vogele, C., Christ, O., & Spaderna, H. (2012). Cardiac threat appraisal and
depression after first myocardial infarction. Frontiers in Psychology, DOI
10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00365.