Transcript Topicals

Chapter 12
Skin Medications
Skin Medications
• Skin is largest organ of the body
• Many conditions affect skin
• Skin conditions can range from mild
to severe
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Topical Skin Preparations
• Antipruritics
– Relieve itching
• Emollients and demulcents
– Soothe irritation
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Topical Skin Preparations
• Keratolytic agents
– Loosen epithelial scales
• Scabicides and pediculicides
– Treat scabies or lice
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Topical
• Antifungals
– Control fungal conditions
• Local anti-infectives
– Prevent and treat infections
• Agents to treat acne
Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
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Absorption Rate Factors
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Conditions of skin
Location of skin
Heat
Moisture
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Antipruritics
• Short term
– Treats dermatitis (rashes) related to
allergic reactions, poison ivy, hives, and
insect bites
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Type of antipruritics
Side effects
Patient education
Contraindications
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Corticosteroids
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Used topically and systemically
Uses
Side effects
Contraindications
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Emollients and Demulcents
• Used topically
• Treats dermatological conditions
– Diaper rash
– Abrasions
– Minor burns
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Keratolytics
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Controls abnormal scaling of the skin
Examples of conditions
Side effects
Contraindications
Patient education
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Scabicides and Pediculicides
• Conditions and uses
– Scabies
– Pediculosis
• Side effects
• Contraindications
• Patient education
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Antifungals
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Conditions and uses
Need for good hygiene practices
Side effects
Contraindications
Patient education
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Antivirals
• Conditions and uses
• Apply immediately upon onset of
signs and symptoms
• They are no effective ways to prevent
infections
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Local Anti-Infectives
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Antiseptics
Burn medications
Antibacterial agents
Acne meds
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Antiseptics
• Inhibit growth of bacteria
– Bacteriostatic
• Disinfectants are included in this
category, but not bactericidal
substances
• Chlorhexidine
• Povidone-iodine
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Antiseptics
• Side effects and contraindications of
chlorhexidine
• Side effects and contraindications of
povidone-iodine
• Patient education
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Burn Medications
• Topical to prevent or treat infections
• Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
• Nitrofurazone (Furacin)
– If allergy to sulfa
• Side effects
• Contraindications
• Patient education
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Antibacterial Agents
• Numerous agents prescribed and
OTC
• Ointments, creams, and solutions
• Side effects
• Patient education
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Agents to Treat Acne
• Common condition in teenagers and
even into adulthood
• Type 1 to Type 4 based on severity
• Treatment options
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Acne
• Side effects and contraindications of
benzoyl peroxide
• Side effects & contraindications to
Accutane
• Patient education
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Cautions for Topical Meds
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Never take by mouth
Keep out of reach of children
Read all labels carefully
Discontinue if there are side effects
and seek medical advice
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Cautions for Topical Meds
• Don’t take beyond recommended
dose
• Use caution when allergies are
present
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