Transcript Chapter 3 Effects of IT on Strategy and Competition

Chapter 2
Collaboration Information
Systems
Jason C. H. Chen, Ph.D.
Professor of MIS
School of Business Administration
Gonzaga University
Spokane, WA 99258
[email protected]
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Study Questions
Q1: What are the two key characteristics of collaboration?
Q2: What are three criteria for successful collaboration?
Q3: What are the four primary purposes of collaboration?
Q4: What are the requirements for a collaboration information
system?
Q5: How can you use collaboration tools to improve team
communication?
Q6: How can you use collaboration tools to manage shared
content?
Q7: How can you use collaboration tools to manage tasks?
Q8: Which collaboration IS is right for your team?
Q9: 2025?
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Collaboration vs. Communication
• Collaboration = ? Communication
• Collaboration involves communication
• We can’t collaborate without effective
communication
• What other elements constitute
“Collaboration?
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Collaboration vs. Cooperation
• Collaboration
– a group of people working together to achieve a common
goal (or result or work product) via a process of
feedback and iteration.
– Greater than individuals working alone
– Involves more than ___________ and ___________
alone
• Cooperation
– a group of people working together, all doing essentially
the same type of work, to accomplish a job.
– E.g., a group of four painters, each painting different
wall in the same room, are working cooperatively.
– Cooperation lacks feedback and iteration
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Q1: What Are the Two Key
Characteristics of Collaboration?
Two key characteristics:
1. Two or more people working together to achieve a
common goal
2. Feedback and iteration
Cooperation lacks feedback and iteration
The three critical collaboration drivers are:
1. _______________
– Skill, ability and IS
2. __________ management
– Who made what changes, when, why and where
3. _________ control
– Process or procedure by which content is created, edited, used and disposed.
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Q2: What Are Three Criteria for
Successful Collaboration?
Criteria for judging team success:
1. Successful _________
– “Did we do it within the time and budget
allowed?”
2. Growth in team capability over time
– Develop better work processes, improve task
skills, gain knowledge, provide perspective to
each other.
3. Meaningful and satisfying experience
– Recognition, ________ , camaraderie
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Q3: What Are the Four Primary
Purposes of Collaboration?
1. Become __________.
– Share data and communicate to share
interpretations.
– Develop and document shared
understandings.
2. Make ________.
3. Solve _________.
4. Manage projects.
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Goal of Business and Its Supporting Processes…
[1]
[4]
Project Management
[2]
MIS/
IT
Information
DB,
KB
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Decision
Making
[3]
Problem
Solving
Revenue/
Profit
Relationship Between Decision Type and Decision Process
• Operational decisions tend to
be _____________.
• Strategic decisions tend to be
_____________
• Managerial decisions tend to
be both structured and
unstructured.
Semi-structured
• Unstructured operational
decision: “How many taxicab
drivers do we need on the
night before the homecoming
game?”
• Structured strategic decision:
“How should we assign sales
quotas for a new product?”
Fig. 2-3: Collaboration Needs for Decision Making
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Systems Approach to Decision Making and Problem Solving
Solving Problems
Monitor and Evaluate
Results
Define
the
Problem
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Develop
Alternative
Solutions
Intelligence
Select
the
Solution
Design
the
Solution
Design
Implement
the
Solution
Choice
Fig. 2-4 Problem Solving Tasks
Project Triangle
(Project Management Trade-offs)
Four Phases of Managing Projects:
1. Starting
2. Planning
3. Doing
4. Finalizing
Cost
Time
The center of
project triangle is
________
Scope
The objective of the PM is to define project’s scope realistically and ultimately
deliver quality of product/service on time, on budget and within scope.
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Using Collaboration Systems for
Project Management
Fig. 2-5: Project Management Tasks and Data
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Collaboration Systems for Decision Making,
Problem Solving & Project Management
(same
version)
(Fundamental Activity)
Fig 2-(Extra): Collaboration Systems for Decision Making, Problem Solving & Project Mgt
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Q4: What Are the Requirements for a
Collaboration Information System?
• Collaboration IS components
 Hardware - servers or cloud
 Software – email, text messaging, Google Drive, Microsoft
Web Apps, other tools to support collaborative work.
 Data – project data and project metadata (is data used to
manage the project)
 Procedure – specify standards, policies, and techniques for
conducting the team’s work
 People- team members give and receive critical feedback
and know how and when to use collaboration applications.
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Requirements for Successful Collaboration
IT Roles?
Fig. 2-6: Requirements for a Collaboration IS
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Q5: How Can You Use Collaboration (Technology)
Tools to Facilitate Communication?
Synchronous communication: Team members meet at the same time, but not
necessarily at the same geographic location (conference calls, face-to-facemeetings, or online meetings)
Asynchronous communication: Team members do not meet at the same time
or in the same geographic location (discussion forums or email exchanges)
Fig 2-8 Collaboration Tools for Communication
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Virtual Organization
Q6: How Can You Use Collaboration
Tools to Share Content?
Collaboration tools for three categories of content:
Your choice depends on the degree of control your team needs to complete their tasks
Keep track of version changes and prevent
problems due to concurrent document access (but
with ____ limitations than version control
Fig. 2-14: Collaboration Tools for Sharing
Content
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Shared content with version control provides _____
limitations than version management and more control
over changes to documents.
Enables to determine what actions (read/edit/delete)
one user may take
Shared Content with Version
Management on Google Drive
Figure 2-15 Form for Creating a Google Drive Account
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Available Types of Documents on
Google Drive
Figure 2-16 Available Types of Documents on Google Drive
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Document
Sharing on
Google
Drive
Figure 2-17 Document Sharing on Google Drive
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COLLABORATION
COMMUNICATION
CONTENT
MANAGEMENT
COLLABORATION
with
COORDINATION
WORKFLOW
CONTORL
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Management
Information
Systems Systems Technology
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The Challenge
of the Information
TM -21
Q8: Which Collaboration IS Is Right
for Your Team?
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Figure 2-25 Three Collaboration Tool Sets
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Don’t Forget Procedures and People!
• Data component is up to you.
• Your metadata for project management
demonstrates your team practiced iteration
and feedback.
• Team needs to have agreement on tools
usage.
• How to train team members in the use of
tools.
• Need to create any special jobs or roles.
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Q9: 2025?
• Collaboration systems cheaper, easier to use, run
on portable devices.
• Face-to-face meetings rare.
• Employees work at home, full time or part time.
• Corporate training online and asynchronous.
• Much less business travel.
• Travel industry focused on recreational travel.
• Conventions become virtual.
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• END of CHAPTER 2
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