Transcript Self Concepts

Self Concepts
On a scrap piece of paper,
describe yourself.
Take-Away Points
• 5 aspects of self
• Main concepts
• If I gave you an example of what someone wrote to describe
themselves, be able to tell me which of the 5 aspects it would be
classified as
• 3 types of communicator styles
• Darnell & Brockriede’s 3 Communication Styles
• If I gave you an example of how someone was communicating, could
you identify which style it was and the characteristics that fit with that
style?
• Attachment Styles
• What is attachment theory? What are the 4 types and the outcomes?
• Norton’s 10 Communication Styles
• Know the general concept
• Don’t need to memorize the 10 styles
There are 5 Different Ways to “Define” Self
• Self as narrative
• Self as cognitive schema
• Self as behavioral indicators
• Self as relational achievement
• Self as internal dialogue
1) Self as narrative is life in a story format, in which we
are the main character.
Self-narratives are shaped and reshaped in our telling of
our story to others.
Health or illness narratives are one example of self as
narrative.
Photo Credit: Comprehensive Cancer
Centers of Nevada, www.cccnevada.com
Photo Credit: Breast Cancer photo project,
storyboardlife.com
How many people used a
narrative to describe
themselves?
2) Self as cognitive schema is the schemas that organize
and guide the processing of self-related information.
Pick out two words that you would use to describe
yourself.
• Funny
• Loveable
• Giving
• Hardcore
• Dynamic
• Friendly
• Outgoing
• Spontaneous
• Loyal
• Trustworthy
• Smart
• Fun
• Optimistic
• Crazy
• Partier
• Dedicated
• Caring
• Calm
• Kind
• Ridiculous
• Pessimistic
• Silly
Pick out two words that are NEUTRAL in describing
yourself.
• Funny
• Loveable
• Giving
• Hardcore
• Dynamic
• Friendly
• Outgoing
• Spontaneous
• Loyal
• Trustworthy
• Smart
• Fun
• Optimistic
• Crazy
• Partier
• Dedicated
• Caring
• Calm
• Kind
• Ridiculous
• Pessimistic
• Silly
Think of at least one experience
that goes with each of the first
two words. Can you think of an
experience that goes with the
second two words?
2) A life script is a relatively fixed way of thinking about
the self and relating to others.
• How does life script fit within the concept of self-schema?
2) Self-handicapping strategy is an action or choice that
prevents the person from being responsible for failure.
Externalize Failure
Internalize Success
Discussion Question
• Self handicapping is a process when people create excuses
ahead of time to prevent failure, in what type of instances
do you feel people use self handicapping the most?
• Can you think of a time where
you used self-handicapping?
2) One critique of the self as schema perspective is that
interaction is not taken into account.
3) Self as behavioral indicators is a reflexive
relationship between the way we act and who we are.
Self-Perception Theory, Looking Glass Theory
Communication
and Behavior
SelfUnderstanding
4) Self as relational self is when you describe yourself
differently based on with whom you are interacting.
Note: You may still have one view of yourself.
Discussion Question
William James stated that every person “has as
many different social selves as there are distinct
groups of person about whose opinions he cares”.
Do you agree?
Do we really have different selves or are they just
different parts of one personality?
5) Self as internal dialogue is system of selves that
engage in dialogue and can help shape identity.
When do you talk to yourself? How does this influence
your self image?
Take-Away Points
• Vocab: Life script, self-handicapping strategy
• 5 aspects of self
• Main concepts
• If I gave you an example of what someone wrote to describe
themselves, be able to tell me which of the 5 aspects it would be
classified as
• Darnell & Brockriede’s 3 Communication Styles
• If I gave you an example of how someone was
communicating, could you identify which style it was and
the characteristics that fit with that style?
• Attachment Styles
• What is attachment theory? What are the 4 types and the
outcomes?
• Norton’s 10 Communication Styles
• Know the general concept
• Don’t need to memorize the 10 styles
Darnell & Brockriede’s Communication Style
• Noble Self
• Rhetorical Reflector
• Rhetorical Sensitive
Noble Self
• Self-schema = consistency
• Values consistency above all else
• I am me and I’m going to act like it
• Accurate representation of self takes precedence over social
appropriateness
• Loudness
• “Well it’s true, isn’t it?”
Rhetorical Reflector
• Self-schema = appropriate to situation
• Present a self that fits the situation
• Lack consistency
• Tells people what they want to hear
Rhetorical Sensitive
• More complex self-schema
• Noble Self and Rhetorical Reflector
• Single Self……..New Self to Every Situation
• Overly Consistent……..Overly Appropriate
• No Regard for Other……..Tries to Placate Other
• Thinks about communication before, during, and after interaction
• Realizes there are times when it’s best not to communicate an idea
• Seen as highly competent
Can you switch between
these types of selves?
Discussion
How do these three categories link to
other things that we’ve talked about in
class?
How do these concepts of self influence
communication?
Attachment Theory
• Care-giver’s treatment of infants
• Can be positive or negative
• Influences infants’ image of self
• Influence infants’ image of others
• The images of self and others determine an infant’s attachment
style
• Attachment style develops at infancy
• Continues to develop throughout life
• Influences people’s actions as adults
Attachment Styles
Positive Self-Image
Secure Style
•Highly sociable behavior
Positive
•Comfortable with intimacy
Other-Image
•Comfortable with
autonomy
Negative
Other-Image
Dismissing Style
•Denys need for
attachment/relationships
•Values autonomy
•Spends energy on
impersonal things (e.g.,
work)
Negative SelfImage
Preoccupied Style
•Highly dependent on
others
•Seeks person who
makes them feel good;
can become too clingy
Fearful Style
•Dependent on others
for acceptance
•Lacks trust in others
•Likely to avoid social
situations and close
relationships
Norton’s Communicator Styles
• 10 different communicator styles
• From these styles make a “communicator profile”
• Combination of styles
• Dominant style in a certain situation
Take-Away Points
• Vocab: Life script, self-handicapping strategy (recognize example)
• 5 aspects of self
• Main concepts
• If I gave you an example of what someone wrote to describe
themselves, be able to tell me which of the 5 aspects it would be
classified as
• Darnell & Brockriede’s 3 Communication Styles
• If I gave you an example of how someone was communicating, could
you identify which style it was and the characteristics that fit with
that style?
• Attachment Styles
• What is attachment theory? What are the 4 types and the outcomes?
• Norton’s 10 Communication Styles
• Know the general concept
• Don’t need to memorize the 10 styles