Transcript 投影片 1

Focus Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is organizational culture?
How important is it to be involved in the
informal networks of organizations?
How do rituals and routines affect life in
organizations?
What are the risks of forming personal
relationships with co-workers?
What challenges face organizations and
members of them in this era?
Communication in Organizations
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Features of Organizational
Communication
• Structure
– Organization means “structure.” (loose or rigid)
– Hierarchy
• Networks
– Communication occurs in networks.
– Relationships
– ad hoc network: in response to specific issues
• Links to external environment
– Contexts (multiple and connected)
Communication in Organizations
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Communication in
Organizations
• Organization Culture
– Ways of thinking, acting, and viewing work
– Shared by members
– Reflecting identity
• Four Communication Practices (next few slides)
– Vocabulary
– Stories
– Rites & Rituals
– Structures
Communication in Organizations
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Vocabulary
• The language of an organization reflects
and expresses its history, norms, values,
identity.
• Hierarchical language
– Distinguishes levels of status
– Eg., military, school,…
• Masculine language
– More typical of men than women (HP 菲奧莉
娜 故事)
– Words & phrases taken from sports, military…
Communication in Organizations
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Stories
• Storytelling to weave coherent narratives and to
create meaning, and to sustain organizational
cultures
• Corporate stories
– Convey values, style, and history of an organization
• Personal stories
– How people see themselves, and to be seen by
others
• Collegial stories
– Personal accounts of other members
02:00
Communication in Organizations
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Rites and Rituals
• Verbal and nonverbal practices
– Rites: Sets of activities that bring together aspects of
ideology in a single event (dramatic and planned)
– Rituals: Forms of communications that occur regularly;
perceived familiar and routine
• Difference
01:30
– Rituals don’t necessarily bring together a number of
aspects of organizational ideology into a single event
– Rituals are repeated communication performance
Communication in Organizations
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Rites
• Rites of passage
– Artwork in larger office,
special handshake
• Rites of integration
– Holiday parties,
graduation ceremonies
• Rites of blaming or
praising
– Military, Tenure in
college
• Rites of recognition
– Honors of
achievement
• Rites of managing
change
– Training workshops;
office rearrangement
• Rites of resolving
conflicts
– Voting, meditation
Communication in Organizations
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Rituals
• Personal rituals
– Individual routines; delivering staff mail in
person
• Social rituals
– Company dinning room for informal
interaction, tea break
– E-mail chatting
• Task rituals
– Police officer’s routine questions
– Sales presentations
Communication in Organizations
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Structures
• Organizing relationships and interactions
• Roles
– Responsibilities and behaviors of specific position
• Rules
– Constitutive and regulative rules
• Policies
– Formal statements of practices; mission statement
• Communication networks
– Formal & informal; job description and organization
chart
– Grapevine: Communication outside the formal
channels
01:16
Communication in Organizations
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Challenges for Communication in
Organizations
• Adapting to diverse needs, situations, and
people
• Moving in and out of teams
– Participating in variety teams
• Managing personal relationships on the
job
– Personal vs. professional
– Romantic relationships
• Movie Clip: Ed Misses the banquet (p. 298)
Communication in Organizations
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