Transcript SPEAKING_IN_PUBLIC

LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
1
SPEAKING IN PUBLIC
There is a long and very rich tradition
surrounding the art of public speaking.
Record of this tradition date back as far
as Ancient Greece and Rome, where
public speaking played a key role in
civic life.
Aristotle's Rhetoric, (composed
during the third century B.C.E.) still
provides the most important work on
the subject.
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
2
Do You Suffer From Glossophobia?
 Ask yourself these questions:
 Are you a bit nervous over the prospect of having to
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deliver a presentation? Are you more than a bit
nervous?
Do you have an idea of what you want to say, but feel
clueless as to how to say it so that it will be meaningful to
others?
Do your presentations lack persuasive strength and fall
short of your goals?
Does the thought of having to give a presentation strike
fear in your heart?
Is stage fright taking over your life when you are faced
with having to speak publicly?
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
3
Do You Suffer From Glossophobia?
 If you answered "yes" to any of these questions, ask
yourself if you are able to hold conversation, without
any of the glossophobic symptoms mentioned in the
above questions. If you are, for the most part, able to
hold conversation, then realize that you are also able to
speak in public. There are similarities as well as
differences between Public Speaking and
conversation.
 On the following pages, we will explore these
similarities and differences.
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
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SIMILARITIES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING
AND CONVERSATION
 Organize your thoughts
LOGICALLY
What happens if
your ideas are out
of sequence? Will
your audience
understand your
ideas?
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
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SIMILARITIES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING
AND CONVERSATION
Can you present an
idea the same way
to your five-yearold niece as you
can to your
mother? Can you
present that idea to
an audience of your
peers in the same
way as you did to
your mother?
LCCC ENG 111
 Tailor your message to
your AUDIENCE
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
6
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING
AND CONVERSATION
When you tell a
story, do you just
give the facts in a
dry way? Or, do
you embellish a
bit, adding a
touch of drama
to get your point
across and keep
them interested?
LCCC ENG 111
 Tell a story for
MAXIMUM IMPACT
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
7
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING
AND CONVERSATION
In conversation, when
the person with whom
you are communicating
gives you a look to
indicate she does not
understand your point,
what do you do? You
rephrase what you have
said to add clarity.
 ADAPT to listener
feedback
You must do the same
thing in public speaking.
Watch for and adapt to
feedback.
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
8
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING AND
CONVERSATION
Consider this:
Public Speaking is
generally prearranged -- at a
pre-arranged time
and place.
Conversation can
take place
anytime and any
place.
LCCC ENG 111
 Public Speaking is more
HIGHLY STRUCTURED
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
9
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING AND
CONVERSATION
Consider this:
Public Speaking
situations require a
more polished
presentation – no
slang, no improper
words. Slang, improper
words, and
colloquialisms can
confuse an audience. In
conversation, however,
these can be used.
LCCC ENG 111
 Public Speaking
requires more
FORMAL LANGUAGE
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
10
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
PUBLIC SPEAKING AND
CONVERSATION
Consider this:
Can you hold
conversation while
lounging at the
pool? Can you
speak publicly
while lounging at
the pool? What
about while
jogging?
LCCC ENG 111
 Public Speaking
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
requires a
DIFFERENT
METHOD OF
DELIVERY
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CONFIDENCE
BOOSTERS
If you think you can
deliver a great
speech without
being overly
nervous, you will.
Get your proper rest
and nutrition.
Partying, pulling allnighters, and fasting
before delivering a
speech will cause
you to not be at your
best.
LCCC ENG 111
 Think Positively
 Be At Your Best
Physically & Mentally
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
12
CONFIDENCE
BOOSTERS
Rather than on
how nervous you
think you are.
 Concentrate On
Deep Breathing
always helps to
calm and focus.
 Take A Couple Of Deep
LCCC ENG 111
Communicating With
Your Audience
Breaths
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
13
CONFIDENCE
BOOSTERS
Preparing a great
introduction, and
taking it written wordfor-word to the lectern
will allow you to focus
on your speech, rather
than on nerves.
 Work Especially Hard
We tend to be most
nervous when we first Your Introduction
come to the lectern.
This is when we are
most likely to forget
what we wanted to say.
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
On
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CONFIDENCE
BOOSTERS
Find a few friendly faces in the
audience and begin your
focused eye contact with them.
Remember that audiences are
made up of individuals.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Using Visual Aids will help
boost your confidence by
placing your focus on doing
something (displaying,
explaining, and removing the
visual), rather than focusing
on your nervousness.
LCCC ENG 111
 Make Eye Contact With
Members Of Your
Audience
 Use Visual Aids
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
15
CRITICAL THINKING
Critical Thinking is focused,
organized thinking. It deals with
Logic –
 Being able to spot the weaknesses in
other people's arguments and to avoid
them in your own
 Being able to distinguish Fact From
Opinion
 Being able to judge the Credibility Of
Statements
 Being able to assess the Soundness Of
Evidence
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
As a student,
you need to use
your critical
thinking skills
daily. As a
speaker, this
becomes even
more important.
Stop and
consider how
you will need to
use your critical
thinking skills as
a speaker.
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CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND
THE PUBLIC SPEAKER
 The United States has become the most
diverse society on earth.
 All nations and cultures are now part of a
vast "global village", due to air travel,
immigration, and electronic
communication.
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
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CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND
THE PUBLIC SPEAKER
 Diversity and multiculturalism
are such basic facts of life that
Ethnocentrism
public speakers, to be successful,
need to take account of cultural
The belief
that one’s own
differences between themselves
group
and their listeners.
or culture is
superior to all  Because of this diversity and
multiculturalism, it is especially
other groups
important for public speakers to
or cultures.
avoid ethnocentrism.
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
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SPEECH
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Speaker
 Begins the Communication
 Encodes the message
 Selects the Channel for transmission of
Message
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
19
SPEECH
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Message
The communication
 Channel
 Means by which the message is
communicated

LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
20
SPEECH
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Frame of Reference
The sum total of a
person’s life
experience.
This acts as a filter
for all incoming
information to
protect the
individual from
information
overload.
LCCC ENG 111
 Listener
 Person receiving the
message through a
Frame of Reference
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
21
SPEECH
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Interference
 Anything that impedes the
communication
 Can be Internal or External
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
22
SPEECH
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Feedback
 Messages sent back to the speaker by
the listener
 Situation
 Time & Place in which
communication occurs
LCCC ENG 111
KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC
Instructor
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