Transcript - Lincoln High School

China Review
Zhou (Chou) Dynasty
Feudal society- emperor gave out
fiefs
Shang thought they had a divine rightChou rulers had responsibility
Zhou did take title “Son of Heaven”
Mandate of Heaven
Start
here
A new
dynasty
comes to power.
Emperor is
defeated !!
Rebel bands find
strong leader who
unites them.
Attack the emperor.
Poor lose
respect for govt.
They join rebels
& attack landlords.
The emperor
reforms the govt.
& makes it more
efficient.
The
Dynastic
Cycle
Droughts,
floods,
famines occur.
Lives of common
people improved;
taxes reduced;
farming encouraged.
Problems begin
(extensive wars,
invasions, etc.)
Taxes increase;
men forced to
work for army.
Farming neglected.
Govt. increases
spending;
corruption.
Ancient Philosophies
About 500BCE, Confucius (Kung Fu
Tse), and Taoism - Lao Tze
Called a flowering period
India more concerned with cosmos
and soul
China more concerned with ethical life
on earth
Ancient China
Way of Life- Confucianism
 Moral
and ethical code highly developed
treat everyone with consideration
 Advocated paternalistic government
 Value on family head- ancestor respect
 Values- loyalty, righteousness, wisdom,
sincerity
 very practical and humanistic Gentility
4
Confucius
Never kiss a fool, or be fooled by
a kiss.
Confucianism
“The gentleman agrees with others without being an
echo. The small man echoes without being in
agreement.” Analects 15.30
“If one is guided by profits in one’s actions, one will
incur much ill will.” Analects 14.24
“Do not worry because you have no position. Worry
about your qualifications. Do not worry because no
one appreciates your abilities. Seek to be worthy of
appreciation. Analects 4.14
Five relationships
father-child
ruler-subject
husband-wife
elder brother-younger brother
friend-friend
Ancestor Worship
(devotion to & reverence for parents & family)
The institution of the family is the
foundation of a well-ordered &
civilized society (grounded mainly
on respect of children for parents)
Respect for age (experience &
wisdom)
Schools of Thought
 Legalists: Stern rule of law and harsh punishments
Taoist: cared little about societal improvement and
believed that the path to human happiness lay in the
individualistic pursuit of harmony with nature.
Daoism (Taoism)
LaoTzu (Lao Zi)
contemporary of Confucius
Tao= the road way
Absolute=sum of existence
Goal to bring people into harmony
very introspective
not as influential as Confucius
Traits of Yin and Yang
 Yin
Negative
Passive
Feminine
Earthly
Yang
Positive
Active
Masculine
Heavenly
Yin and Yang
Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty 221-206
BCE
dominated by “The First Emperor”
Qin Shi Huangdi (Chin Shi Huang Ti)
ambitious= understatement
Unified China
constructed roads and canals
Language, money, Weights and
measures
The Great Wall- sacrifice AND
An amazing tomb found in 20th Cen
Han Dynasty 202BCE-220
CE(Roman Times)
combination of Confucius and
legalism
Persecuted the Hmong
Silk Road contact with Rome
The Mongols
Nomadic peoples
Loosely organized clans in a state of
stress (Xianghu)
mastered military tactics on horsebackpursue and ambush, firelance, took
China
Yuan dynasty at Peking- adopted
Chinese ways- Kublai Kahn- lasted 100
years- gave way to Ming dynasty
Communist China
Can you name the governemnt?
Positives and Negatives?