Transcript Chinese Dynasties - Mrs. Law`s World

Warm Up
• After picking up your spiral, answer the
following question in your warm up section…
• Based on the physical map and physical
features map on the next slide…
– where was the most ideal place to establish a
civilization, justify?
Where was the most ideal
place to establish a
civilization, justify?
The Shang Dynasty
The Zhou Dynasty
The Qin Dynasty
The Han Dynasty
Stations
Objective
• I can describe how Ancient China developed
over time
• The purpose is for students to be able to
understand how the past has influenced the
present.
• Success Criteria:
– Spiral Set Up
– China Overview/ Geography Review
– 4 major dynasties
Key Vocabulary
• Emperor
• Dynasty
• Economy
• Logograph
• Philosophies
• Confucianism
• Daoism
• Legalism
• Mandate of Heaven
• Feudalism
• Civil Servant
• Exile
• Immortal
• Bureaucracy
• Anesthetic
• Cultural Diffusion
Spiral Set Up
• Label page 51
– How did the Nile Shape Ancient Egypt DBQ
• Staple your DBQ on this page
• Label page 52
– How did the Nile Shape Ancient Egypt DBQ Outline
• Staple your DBQ outline on this page
• Label page 54
– Ancient Chinese River Valley Civilization
• Highlight the edges of the page pink
– Essential Question: How did the physical setting
contributed to the location and rise of civilizations in
China?
Label page 53 Key Vocab
• Write down the following word:
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Emperor
Dynasty
Economy
• Philosophies
• Confucianism
• Daoism
• Legalism
• Mandate of Heaven
• Feudalism
• Civil Servant
• Exile
• Immortal
• Bureaucracy
• Anesthetic
• Cultural Diffusion
Spiral Set Up Conti…
• Leave page 55 empty
• Label page 56 Geography of Early China
– Staple your China Geography Challenge on this page
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•
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Label page 58 The Xia and Shang Dynasties
Label page 59 The Zhou Dynasty
Label page 60 The Zhou Dynasty Philosophies
Label page 61 The Qin Dynasty
Label page 62 The Han Dynasty and Chinese
Achievements
A Brief Overview of Chinese Dynasties
CHINA OVERVIEW:
Review of the
Geography of China
• Larger than the United States
• Climate varies
– North
• Temperate and cold
– South
• Subtropical
• Erosion
• Floods and droughts
• Important rivers
– Huang He (Yellow River) – north
– Yangtze River – central China
– Pearl River- coastal South
• Enclosed by high mountains, hot deserts, wide oceans
Ancient History
• By 4000 BCE
– Village settlements along Huang He River (Yellow)
– Farming, stone tools, weapons (bow and arrow),
animal domestication, pottery
• Circa 1500 BCE
– Picture writing (oldest writing in existence)
– Now circa 40,000 characters
What are dynasties?
• A dynasty is a series of rulers from the same family.
• Historically, royal rule was descended from father to son.
DYNASTIC CYCLE
1. Emperor comes to power and gains the Mandate of Heaven.
2. Upward rise (wealth and population increase) to peak.
3. Downward spiral (natural disasters, corruption, etc.).
4. Emperor loses the Mandate of Heaven.
5. Civil war until a new emperor, with the Mandate of Heaven, comes
to power.
MANDATE OF HEAVEN – Described by philosopher Mencius (menshee-uh s) Belief that the emperor was chosen by heaven to rule.
XIA (a.k.a. Sha) DYNASTY
(ca. 2070-ca. 1600 BCE)
• China’s first dynasty
• Founded by Yu
• Built roads and irrigation projects
Shang Dynasty
(ca. 1600-1046 BCE)
• Writing began
• Developed bronze, glazed
pottery, and silk industries
Zhou (a.k.a. Chou, Joe, Chow) Dynasty
(1045-256 BCE)
• Invaded China from the northwest
• Set up a loose central government
• Feudal power held by strong nobles
• Philosophers
–Confucius
–Mencius (his follower)
• men-shee-uh s
Qin (a.k.a. Chin) Dynasty
(221-206 BCE)
• Military dictatorship centralized China
• Emperor Shih Huang Ti (shœ hwahng
tee)
–Destroyed nobles’ feudal power
–System of taxation
–Established weights and measures
–Great Wall (1500 miles)
Han Dynasty
(206-220 CE)
• Conquerors
• Empire – central Asia to China Sea, Indochina to
Korea
• Trade
– Chinese fruits, silks, and spices in Rome (1st
century CE)
– Buddhism came from India
• Civil service system
• First paper made
At each station, read the directions carefully and complete the task on
the correct page of your spiral
You will only get 20 minutes at each station to complete the task
CHINESE DYNASTY STATIONS
Chinese Dynasty Stations
• Station 1 (pg 58) Class
– Xia & Shang Dynasty Reading Passage and Questions
• Station 2 (pg 59) Individual
– Zhou Dynasty Reading and Questions
• Station 3 (pg 60) Individual
– Zhou Dynasty Philosophies
• Station 4 (pg 61) Individual
– Qin Dynasty Reading and Filling in a Chart
• Station 5 (pg 62) Group
– Han Dynasty Sorting/Matching and Drawing
Complete together as a class
1.
2.
3.
Read the Directions
Complete the Assigned Reading
Answer the questions on page 58 in your spiral
STATION 1: XIA AND THE SHANG
Station #1:
Xia and Shang Dynasties
With your group, read the information in your learning
packet and answer the questions on page 58 of your spiral.
You should also read pages 195-203 in the textbook to help
support your answers. Be sure to use a sentence in response
to each question.
You may share and discuss your answers.
Please reset the station as
you found it for the next
group!!
STATION #1
Reading Passage and Questions on the Xia and Shang Dynasties
We often hear of the word “dynasty” being mentioned when we hear something about
China. What does it mean? Dynasty simply means a strong or powerful family that is able to
maintain control over a country or region for a long period of time. There were many dynasties
in China and several of them held control over China for many hundreds of years, passing down
the control from father to son or uncle to nephew, etc.
Archeologists have no records before the Shang dynasty (from 1500
B.C.E. to 1027 B.C.E.). This seems to be then the earliest recorded dynasty.
Many remains have been discovered such as painted pottery pieces belonging
to a group of people called the Yang-shao culture and another referred to as
the Lung-shan. These two ancient cultures have no written record of leaders
and government, but artifacts that have been found tell archeologists that
they were probably farmers who planted crops and raised animals.
The Shang ruled a broad area of northern China and made many advances. The Shang
created China’s first writing system. This system used more than 2,000 symbols to express
words or ideas. Although the system has gone through changes over the years, the Chinese
symbols used today are based on those of the Shang period. Shang writing has been found on
thousands of cattle bones and turtle shells. Priests had carved questions about
the future on bones or shells, which were then heated, causing them to crack.
The priests believed they could “read” these cracks to predict the future. The
bones were called oracle bones because and oracle is a prediction. In addition
to writing, the Shang also made other achievements. Artisans made beautiful
bronze containers for cooking and religious ceremonies. They also made axes,
knives, and ornaments from jade, a hard gemstone. The military developed war
chariots, powerful bows, and bronze body armor. Shang astrologers developed a
calendar based on the cycles of the moon.
Before the Shang dynasty came to power in China, another dynasty, called the Xia, ruled
but again there is no archeological record of this period of time, only stories handed down
through the centuries. The stories told of the terrible floods. Archeologists and historians
have not yet found evidence that the tales are true. However, the stories of Xia rulers were
important to the ancient Chinese because they told of kings who helped people solve problems
by working together. The stories also explained the geography that had such an impact on
people’s lives.
1.) Define the word “dynasty”. Then use it in a sentence that shows clearly that you know the
meaning of the word. __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2.) What is the earliest recorded dynasty in China? ______________________________
3.) What does the use of oracle bones tells us about the early Chinese? _______________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4.) What advances were made during the Shang dynasty? __________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5.) *Why do you think that “records” do not exist before 1500 B.C.E.? ________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
6.) *How long ago is 1500 B.C.E.? (Think about how it would look on a timeline. Remember that
B.C.E. means Before Common Era. This means it happens before year 0.) _____________
7.) * Give some reasons why different dynasties did not last for very long periods of time.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Number 2-9
ASSIGN GROUPS
Warm Up
• After picking up your spiral, answer the
following question in your warm up section…
• Based on the physical map and physical
features map on the next slide…
– do you think that the civilization of China was
isolated from other civilizations or were they open
to cultural exchange and invasion from other
civilizations. Why?
Do you think that the civilization of China
was isolated from other civilizations or
were they open to cultural exchange and
invasion from other civilizations. Why?
The Shang Dynasty
The Zhou Dynasty
The Qin Dynasty
The Han Dynasty
Stations
Objective
• I can describe how Ancient China developed
over time
• The purpose is for students to be able to
understand how the past has influenced the
present.
• Success Criteria:
– 4 major dynasty stations
Key Vocabulary
• Emperor
• Dynasty
• Economy
• Philosophies
• Confucianism
• Daoism
• Legalism
• Mandate of Heaven
• Feudalism
• Civil Servant
• Exile
• Immortal
• Bureaucracy
• Anesthetic
• Cultural Diffusion
At each station, read the directions carefully and complete the task on
the correct page of your spiral
You will only get 20 minutes at each station to complete the task
CHINESE DYNASTY STATIONS
Chinese Dynasty Stations
• Station 1 (pg 58)
– Xia & Shang Dynasty Reading Passage and Questions
• Station 2 (pg 59)
– Zhou Dynasty Reading and Questions
• Station 3 (pg 60)
– Zhou Dynasty Philosophies
• Station 4 (pg 61)
– Qin Dynasty Reading and Filling in a Chart
• Station 5 (pg 62)
– Han Dynasty Sorting/Matching and Drawing
Pick up your spiral
Move to the next station from where you ended yesterday.
At each station, read the directions and complete the task on the correct
page of your spiral
You will only get 20 minutes at each station to complete the task
CHINESE DYNASTY STATIONS
Warm Up
• On a separate sheet of paper, which of the statements on
government do you most agree with? Why?
1.
People just try to look out for their own best interests, so
government needs to be ready to harshly punish people who break
the rules.
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2.
Legalism- people are naturally selfish. Left to themselves, people always
pursue their own self –interest. So rulers need to then set strict laws and
enforce them
Government should not interfere in people’s lives and allow each
person find his or her own harmony with the world around them.
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3.
Daoism/ Taoism- people gained happiness and peace by living in harmony
or agreement, with the way of nature. That nature is full of opposites (i.e.
life/ death, light/ darkness). True harmony comes from balancing the
opposite forces of nature
A government is only effective if it has integrity. A corrupt
government will not have the respect or the support of its citizens.
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Confucianism- based up on roles and relationships (i.e. father/ son,
friend/friend) all people must respect and obey those above them and their
elders
In a short response, compare how the various dynasties (Shang,/Zhoe/
Qin/ Han) define the rights, responsibilities, and roles of citizens?
PROCESSING