Transcript File

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Chapter 11: China
+ Genghis Khan
Birth name was Temujin in 1162
Died in 1227
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Created the largest land empire the world saw until the
British empire
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Solidified his power by ordering the execution of every male
taller than the axle of a wagon wheel
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Rivals gave him the name Genghis Khan, meaning “universal
ruler”
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3 characteristics enabled him to conquer Asia:
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Brilliant organizer
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Gifted strategist
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Used cruelty as a weapon
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Japan. The best Asian country.
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“Land of the rising sun”
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Made up of 4,000 islands
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Most people live on four main islands
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Very mountainous: 12% is suitable for farming
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Shinto: thousands of local gods
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Divine spirits lived in nature: spirits called KAMI
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Unusually beautiful tree, rock, waterfall, mountain was
considered home of a KAMI
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Culture
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Korean travelers brought Buddhism
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8th or 9th century Buddhism was accepted in the country
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Some stuck with Shinto
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Japanese looked up to Chinese, sent missions to look at
culture
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In 9th century, Japan stopped because China had declined
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Shogun: military dictator. Kublai Khan sends two naval
invasions. Fails at both, but drains Japanese money.
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Samurai become less loyal to country and more loyal to lords
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Cambodia/Vietnam
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Khmer Empire in Cambodia: Major power in Southeast Asia
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Peak of power: 1200
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Angkor Wat
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Most of this region was influenced by India
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Least influenced: Vietnam
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Vietnam: dominated by China
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Vietnam broke away in 939
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Chapter 11 Review
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Let’s raise our grades!
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The Three
Dynasties
Sui, Tang, Song
Finally ended by the Mongols
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Developments during these
dynasties
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Mixing cast iron and wrought iron= steel
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Grand Canal completed under Sui Yangdi
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Gunpowder, porcelain
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Marco Polo visiting the capital city of Hangzhao: Playing
cards and chess, paddlewheel boat and horseback riding,
block printing
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Genghis Khan
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Unified China by overthrowing the Song dynasty
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His empire grows
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Genghis Khan dies, his empire is divided into khanates
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His grandson Kublai Khan sets up the first Mongol dynasty: Yuan
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Japan
Geography and Isolation
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How did geography play a part in Japan’s history?
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Prince Shotoku: Wanted a centralized government under one
ruler
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Emperor became divine
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Samurai: “Those who serve”
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Lived by a warrior code known as Bushido: “Way of the Warrior”
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Life in Japan
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What was the role of women?
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Traditional religion: Shinto
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Some turned to Buddhism
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Zen Buddhism: One way to achieve nirvana is through
instant enlightenment or through long meditation
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Korea
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First Korean state founded by Tan’gun, whose father was a god and
mother was a bear. Another legend says it was founded by a Chinese
descendant
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Korea is on a peninsula, very mountainous like Japan
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Because of mountains and seas, Korea is isolated
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3 rival kingdoms. Korea built Buddhist temples
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Koryu dynasty: succeeded the Silla from 935-1392
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Modeled after China. Established civil service system, divided
aristocracy.
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Mongols invaded in 1231, demanded 20,000 horses, clothing for 1
million soldiers, children and artists. Collapsed in 1360.
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India
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Buddhism: Theravada: “Teachings of the Elders”
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Mahayana: Heaven through devotion to Buddha
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Buddhism overcome by Islam
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Rajputs: Hindu warriors
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Southeast Asia
Vietnam, Thailand, Burma, Malaysia
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“Golden islands”
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Vietnam historically influenced by China
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China wanted to make Vietnam a part of China
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Vietnam refused to give up its own culture
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Isolated from China by mountains and mosquitos
Thailand (Burma) influenced by India