Transcript Korean history power point

Korea
Korea – Ancient History
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2333 BC - 313 AD The Chosun nation first formed from the
various tribes from Mongolia.
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The first dynasty of note was the Tan'gun dynasty, a
theocracy which ruled from 2333 BC - 1122 BC. The
historical and cultural accuracy of our knowledge of this
dynasty is still debated today. Some believe it is mythical.
Others view this dynasty as a historical fact, and attribute
a cultural/spiritual significance to it. Nonetheless, it was
later usurped by the Kija Dynasty
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Kija Dynasty(1122 BC - 194 BC), which was founded by a
Chinese scholar.
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In 108 BC the Han Dynasty of China extended into North
Korea, turning the North into the Lolang Province Chinese
cultural influence thus spread into Korea, resulting in
Korean adoption of a centralized beaurocracy,
Confusionism, and others.
The Three Kingdoms Period
37 BC - 935 AD
 South
had been subdivided by the three
Han tribes. In the Southwest was the Ma
Han. In the Southeast was the Pyon Han.
And in the middle was the Chin Han.
Koryo
Dynasty
935 AD 1392 AD
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Sweeping social changes were enacted
During this time Buddhism was adopted as the official
religion, and monks and priests entered government ranks.
One of the great Buddhist artifacts was created at this time,
the 81,240 wooden block carvings of the Tripitaka. This
enormous collection of Buddhist scripture was carefully
carved into wooden blocks for printing, and can still be
seen today.
Colonial Korea
1777 AD - 1905 AD
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In 1777 AD Catholicism was introduced in
Korea.
 Missionaries arrived, but Westerners were
considered undesirable..
 1866 was marked by the French bombardment
of Kangwha Island, and the burning of a US ship
at the Taedong river. US retaliation came in the
form of the seizing of Kangwha Island in 1871
AD. And by 1876, much like China, Korea was
forced to accept a lopsided trade treaty with
Japan, with similar treaties signed with the US,
France, Britain, Russia, and Germany.
Yi Dynasty and Japanese Invasions
1392 AD - 1598 AD
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Yi Dynasty re-established ties with Ming Dynasty
China. Neoconfucionism was established as the
official religion, and Buddhism was severely
persecuted.
 The Korean writing system (alphabet) Hangul,
which is the standard today, was developed.
 The Japanese occupied Southern Korea until
they were finally driven out in 1598. The
invasions didn't end until 1627, when the
Manchus invaded, and Korea became a vassel
state of the Ching Dynasty
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In 1894 the Tonghak revolution began, causing
great civil unrest in Korea.
 The ruling class asked China to send in troops to
put down the rebellion which was growing out of
control. However, the presence of Chinese
troops, as well as the civil unrest, were used by
Japan as an excuse to send in their own troops.
The resulting war between China and Japan
was finally ended in 1895 AD. Japanese colonial
expansion continued, bumping into the other
major regional player, Russia, which had been
expanding their own imperialist efforts. The
resulting Russo-Japanese war of 1905 AD left
Japan as the only major power, free to fully
exploit Korea in a mad quest for imperial glory.
Japanese Expansion
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In 1905 Japan expanded their empire and took control of
Korea. Japanese became the official language, and Shintoism
became the official religion. Usage of the Korean language was
banned and all Koreans were forced to adopt new Japanese
names. Local religions were persecuted.
Korea became the "Rice Bowl" of Japan, as evidenced by a
dramatic increase in total rice output.
Korean men were conscripted to fight in the army, and Korean
women were conscripted for use as sex slaves for Japanese
troops.
Punishment was severe, as evidenced by the return by Japan
in the 1990's of the cremated noses of hundreds of Korean
women, which were cut off during this period. All forms of
torture were used to keep the populace under control, and the
country was laid waste by the oppression and exploitation.
The situation was to last up to the end of the Second World
War, when Korea was finally liberated by the Soviets and
Americans.
Korea Divided
1945 AD - 1950 AD
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The surrender of Japan in 1945 meant the liberation of
Korea. American occupying forces moved into the
Southern half of the peninsula, while Russian forces,
who had been preparing for an invasion of Japan,
occupied the Northern half. By mutual decision, Korea
was divided at the 38th Parallel, and unification would
follow popular elections.
By 1948 the Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea was
formed in the North, and the Republic of Korea was
formed in the South. Following the formation of the
government, US forces pulled out of Korea.
Korean War
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The Korean War began in June of 1950, when North
Korean tanks rolled across the 38th parallel, attempting
to quickly unite the country by force. US rushed what
troops it had from Japan into Korea. It seemed like the
fighting could go on indefinitely, until finally a cease fire
was signed in 1953. A demilitarized zone (DMZ) was set
up between the North and South, along the front, which
in turn closely followed the 38th parallel. While small
skirmishes would occur between both sides, all fighting
effectively stopped in 1953.
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Following the cease fire, the ROK and the US signed a
joint defense treaty, establishing US bases within South
Korea as well as the stationing upwards of 40,000 US
troops, further ensuring that a second North Korean
invasion would not follow.
Industrial Modernization
1953 AD - 1988 AD
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South Korea modernized through several industries.
First by selling arms during the Vietnam War. Then
industrial development expanded along other lines,
automobile and electronics production, for example.
The economy had, in the short time of 30 years, gone
from virtually nothing, to one of the top 20 in the world.
And by 1988 South Korea was one of the "Four
Dragons" (AKA Four Tigers) of the Asian economy,
along with Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong. As a cap
to the amazing economic feats, Korea was host to the
1988 Summer Olympics, a giant celebration introducing
the country to the world stage.