Transcript 第二章普世宗教

普世宗教(Universal religion)
Christianity、Islam、Buddhism,
Hinduism, Judaism
VOCABULARY
 Christian (adj.) A Christian nation.
Christian beliefs say . . .
 Muslim/Islamic (adj) A Muslim
nation/An Islamic nation. Muslim
beliefs say . . .
 Buddhist (adj.)
 Hindu (adj.)
 Jewish (adj.)
 Christian (n.) Christians usually go to
church on Sunday.
 Muslim (n.) Muslims pray five times a
day.
 Buddhist (n.) Buddhists visit temples
to burn incense.
 Hindu (n.) Hindus are vegetarians.
 Jew (n.) Jews do not eat pork.
So, we can say I am a
___(preferred) or I am _____





I
I
I
I
I
am
am
am
am
am
a
a
a
a
a
Christian/I am Christian
Muslim/I am Muslim
Buddhist/I am Buddhist
Hindu/I am Hindu
Jew/I am Jewish
 Syncretism [sn.krə.t.zm] = the
blending of two or more religious/cultural
customs to form a new religion/custom, or
a very different version of the original
religion/custom.
 There was a lot of syncretism as Buddhism
spread through China.
The proportion of religion in the
world’s population




Christian33%
Islam21%、
Hindu佔14%
Buddhist佔6%
Why we need to know about
universal religion?
 杭亭頓Samuel P. Huntington ”The
clash of civilizations and the
remaking of world order”文明的衝突
與世界秩序的重建(1997)
Religion in East Asia
 Buddhism(originated in India )
 Hinduism (originated from India’s
Brahmanism )
Indian National Emblem&flag
Asoka
佛教傳播
2
3
5
1
4
Buddhism Buddhism
was divided into
three factions
First is Hīnayāna(1、4)
Second is Mahāyāna(3)
Third is Tibetan
Buddhism(5)
North spread
 1. Maurya dynasty
 2. Kushan dynasty，「犍陀羅
(Afghanistan )藝術」(Gandhara Art)
犍陀羅藝術
樓蘭古城 kroraina
China
 Into China:during the Han dynasty
 Became popular:Tang Dynasty
洛陽白馬寺
朝鮮(Korea)、日本(Japan)
 Accepted Buddhism from China
唐朝鑑真和尚
 東渡日本
西藏的佛教
 Before Buddhism
spread into Tibet, the
original religious belief
of Tibet was traditional
magic (Bon).
 When Princess Wen
Cheng married the
Tibetan King, Chinese
Buddhism was
introduced into Tibet.
Scripture
南傳(South spread)
 1.ceylon
10C., Buddhism and Hinduism coexist in
Java,Burma,Thailand and Cambodia.
阿努拉德普勒城內的查特比納羅摩佛塔
(4C)
緬甸
爪哇島
吳哥窟