Transcript 7.3PPT

China
Confucianism and
Government
7.3.3
7.3.6
The Big Idea
Confucian thought influenced
the Song government.
Confucianism
• Main Idea 1:
– Confucianism underwent changes and
influenced Chinese government.
I am the smartest
man alive!!
Confucius
Confucianism
R E S P E C T. Find out what it
means to me.
• His teachings focused
on proper behavior.
• Confucius taught that people
should conduct their lives
according to 2 basic principles.
– One was ren, or concern for
others.
– The other was li, or
appropriate behavior.
Quotes from Confucius
1. “The superior man acts before he speaks, and
afterwards speaks according to his action.”
2. “Before you embark on a journey of revenge,
dig two graves.”
3. “When anger rises, think of the consequences.”
4. “The superior man is modest in his speech, but
exceeds in his actions.”
5. “What you do not want done to yourself, do not
do to others.”
6. “Respect yourself and others will respect you.”
Neo-Confucianism
• During the Song Dynasty a new version
of Confucianism developed that blended the
spiritual matters of Buddhism with the moral
teachings of Confucius.
– This new philosophy was called Neo- Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism
• Neo-Confucianism developed due to a
desire to restore order in China. They
wanted to improve behavior in both the
government and society.
Neo-Confucianism
• Neo-Confucianism
became the official
government
teaching after the
Song dynasty too.
15. Neo-Confucianism is a
combination of
A. Buddhism and Hinduism
B. Confucianism and Hinduism
C. Buddhism and Confucianism
D. The Matrix and Confucianism
16. The Chinese government liked
Neo-Confucianism because they
wanted it to restore proper behavior
of government workers and society.
A. True
B. False
The Civil-Service System
• Main Idea 2:
– Scholar-officials ran China’s government
during the Song dynasty.
The Civil-Service System
• The Song dynasty improved the system
by which people went to work for the
government.
• These government workers formed a large
bureaucracy, which is a body of
unelected government officials.
Civil Service Examinations
• Officials joined the bureaucracy by passing
civil service examinations (tests).
– Civil service means service as a government official.
I am so smart. I am
so smart. S M R T, I
mean S M A R T
Civil Service Examinations
• These were a series of written examinations
that tested students’ grasp of Confucianism
and related ideas.
Civil Service Examinations
• The tests were difficult, and students spent
years preparing.
• Passing the exam meant life as a scholarofficial, an educated member of government.
Scholar-Officials
• Scholar-officials were elite members of
society and were widely admired for their
knowledge and ethics.
– They performed many
important jobs in the
government.
Scholar-Officials
• Benefits included being respected and
having reduced penalties for breaking the law.
• Many became wealthy from gifts
given by people seeking their aid.
• This Scholar-Official system helped the
stability of the Song government.
Woo-hoo!!
17. A bureaucracy is
A. a group of unelected government workers.
B. a group of elected government workers.
C. a group of government workers who passed
tests in order to get their jobs.
D. a group of people who were removed from the
government.
18. Bureaucrats often got their
jobs by passing tests on …
A. the history of China.
B. the history of the Daiosm.
C. the teachings of Buddhism.
D. the teachings of Confucius.
19. Although scholar-officials were well
paid, they were not well respected by
most of the Chinese people.
A. True
B. False