Transcript Strong Rulers Unite China

ANCIENT CHINA
• Developed along __________________ River
– “River of Sorrows”
• 1766 BC -- 1st Dynasty = _________
• 1122 BC – Zhou Dyasty
– Used “________________________________”
to justify conquering and ruling
• “Divine Right of Kings”
• Shang had upset gods, so gods pulled their favor and
gave it to the Zhou to rule
ANCIENT CHINA
• Zhou allowed local lords to govern their own
land = __________________________
Zhou Accomplishments
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Economy grew
Ironworking
New crops
Use money
Transportation
Population grew
Controlled more territory
ANCIENT CHINA
By 256 BC – Zhou Dynasty had become to
weak to govern local lords
local lords ignored emperor
lords fought each other for more power
By 221 BC – ____________ Dynasty
had taken control
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
CONFUCIUS
LAOZI (Daoism)
“Kong Fuzi”
“Low Dzuh”
Concerned with social order and
good government
•Accept place in society
•Superiors are above inferiors
and should care for and set
example
•“Filial Piety” – respect for
______________________
•Education is key to leadership
•Lead by example
•“Yin / Yang” – maintain balance
Concerned with living in harmony
with nature
•“Old Master”
•Look past everyday issues to
focus on the “_____________”
(Way of the Universe)
•Reject conflict and strife
•Live simply with nature
•best government is one that
governs the least
Qin Dynasty
221 B.C. – Zheng proclaims himself – “Shi
Huangdi” [shur hwang dee] (First Emperor)
>stopped in-fighting – centralized government
>strict/harsh punishments – “______”
Hanfeizi [hahn fay dzuh]
– “The nature of man is ______. His
goodness is acquired.”
*greed
*order kept by being strict/harsh
Qin Dynasty
• “Shi Huangdi”
– used book burnings
– Forced people to work on government jobs
– Enslaved law breakers
– Abolished fuedalism
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Est. 36 military districts
Appt. loyal official to govern
Forced nobles to live in his capital
Gave land to peasants
Qin Dynasty
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• STANDARD WEIGHTS/MEASURES
• UNIFORM WRITING STYLE
• ROADS/CANALS
• CART AXLE “CONSISTENCY” (RUTS)
• __________________________
Fall of Qin Dynasty
210 BC – Shi Huangdi died
people revolted from cruel rule
206 BC – Gao Zu [gow dzoo] (peasant)
started Han Dynasty
RISE OF HAN DYNASTY
• Restored order
• Lowered taxes
• Eased harsh policies
Han Dynasty
141 BC – “____” [woo dee] becomes emperor
• “Scholar Officials” – Confucian trained
• Schools
• Roads/canals – “_____________________”
– 4000 miles – connected to Mesopotamia
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Granaries
Sold grain at affordable prices
“Expansionism”
Est. Civil Servants
– merit
Han Dynasty
ACCOMPLISHEMTS
• Chemistry, zoology, botany
• Seismograph
• Wang Chong – “scientific theories accepted
by proof, not gods”
• Acupuncture
• _________[ky loon] – paper from wood pulp
• Buddhism
Han Dynasty falls
220 AD – Warlords overthrew
• Poor maintenance w/in empire
• Heavy taxes/debt
• Peasants fled to mountains
– “Red Eyebrows”
– “Green Woodsmen”
• Several kingdoms developed
• invasions
other CHINESE ACCOMPLISHMENTS
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365 ¼ day calendar
Improved bronze making
Silk
Oracle bones (animal bones / Turtle shells)
– questions for gods written on bones/shells
– Heated
– Cracks were interpreted
• Calligraphy