Transcript War and Global Insecurity

War and Global Insecurity
Chapter 16
Terrorism, Global and Domestic
 Terrorism involves the unlawful use of force
and violence against person, property to
intimidate or coerce a government to achieve
political or social objectives
 Narcoterrorism- use of violence in the
trafficking of drugs
 State terrorism refers to the terrorism of
the government against their own people
 Revolutionary terrorism- to bring about
total political change
Measuring Terrorism in the
United States
 There have been more than 2,700
terrorist acts between 1980 and 1998
in the United States
 Domestic terrorist groups in the
United States tend to fall into two
ideological categories
 Left-wing
 Right-wing
Origins of Terrorist Groups
 Many terrorist groups have originated out
of troubled areas of the world
 Middle East
 Northern Ireland
 Political radicalism is a source of terrorism
 Terrorism can have its origin in cults
 Terrorism can originate out of the State to
maintain power
Origins of Terrorist Groups
 Characteristics of terrorist recruits
 Well educated
 Young
 Upper-middle class or middleclass background
 Terrorism emerges out of the despair bred
by the economic deprivation in parts of the
world
 Terrorists operate on a belief system based
on salvation through violence
Terrorism and Religion
 Terrorists groups are often motivated
by deep religious convictions
 Totalitarian belief systems
 Violence is often committed against
known and unknown victims
 Random victims
 Select targets because of
their prominence in society
Terrorism’s Impact on Society
 The primary impact of terrorism on society
are:
 Increased fear and heightened
security
 Erosion of civil liberties
 Economic consequences
 Health consequences
 Political consequences
War and Its Effects
 Between 1100 and 1925 about 35 million
soldiers were killed in 862 wars
 During World War II 17 million soldiers and
35 million civilians were killed
 In 2004, about 2 million veterans were
receiving compensation from the U.S.
government for war-related disabilities
 War takes a psychological toll on soldiers
 Posttraumatic stress disorder
Indirect Effects of War
 War is a major factor in mass migration of
populations
 Between 1986 and 1999 there
have been over 1.3 million
refugees were granted asylum
in the United States
 Government policy during war has also
forced population migration
 WW II and German relocation
policy
Indirect Effects of War
 War and economic devastation
 Impact of war on culture and the
psychology of people
Effects of Nuclear War
 Technology has made warfare more lethal
 Human consequences
 Ecological consequences
 Rogue States and Weapons of Mass
Destruction
 North Korea
 Iraq under Saddam Hussein
 Afghanistan under the Taliban
 Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe
Effects of Nuclear War
 The prospect of a global nuclear war
has lessened
 Nuclear proliferation and threat of
nuclear war in unstable parts of the
world is still a problem
Controlling Warfare
 The increase in the destructiveness in
warfare has lead to progress in controlling
war
 The Bush administration has claimed that a
war on terrorism means that rules of
conventional warfare do not apply
 In 2004 the Supreme Court rejected the U.S.
government’s attempt to detain an American
citizen indefinitely without trial