Transcript Korean_and_Vietnam_Wars

Korean and Vietnam Wars
Mr. Hardy
RMS IB Middle School
READ & LEARN
• Read pages 397-399 and pages 415-417 in the History Alive textbook.
• After reading, carefully examine the map on page 401 and answer the
following questions.
1) Based on what you have read, explain the term, “proxy war.” Do not
look up the meaning.
2) Do you see a pattern in the places cold war conflicts took place?
3) Defend the argument, that the cold war was in reality a hot war.
• Be sure to fully explain your answer with details
and examples!
Korean War
• Japan controlled the territory throughout World War II- after
their defeat
– Soviet Union controlled Northern areas
– USA under UN controlled Southern Areas
• 1950 North Korean troops entered South Korea (with Soviet
Union’s help)
• UN Troops fought back all the way to the Chinese border.
• China entered the war and pushed the UN troops back
• 1953- cease fire signed creating the DMZ- demilitarized zone
Comparison of the Two Koreas
North Korea
• Once Communist based
Government, now
totalitarian (totally
controlled by the
government)
• Korean Worker’s Party
• Dicator- Kim Jong Il
• Economy- Run by the state
South Korea
• Government divided into 3
branches
• President- 5 year term and
head of the govt.
• Economy- “Production,
Exports, and Construction!”
• Western Influence
Kim Jong Il
• Dictator of North Korea,
• 1994-2011
• Under his regime, North Korea
was charged with many human
rights violations
– Starvation
– Public executions
– Slave labor
• Very secretive society
• Nuclear program against UN
policies created before the
Korean War
• Died in December 2011- Son, Kim
Jong Un took over North Korea
USA and North Korean relations
• Struggle to keep peace and communication
open between the nations.
• See what President Obama has to say about
North Korea missile program.
– What was President Obama’s warning to North
Korea’s government?
– How did he describe looking into North Korean
territory?
– Do you agree that nuclear weapons should not be
used?
Vietnam War
• Controlled by France during Imperialist Era
• Known as French Indo-China
• 1954- peace agreement between the French
and Vietnamese
– Created 2 countries
– Communist- North Vietnam
– Non-Communist- South Vietnam
• 1957- Vietnam War breaks out
– Battle between the 2 for control of the nations
French Indochina
• French Indochina war lasts from 1947-1954.
• French lose to Communist Viet Minh.
Ho Chi Minh
Leader of the Viet Minh
Ho Chi Minh and Võ Nguyên Giáp, the
general who would eventually defeat
both the French and Americans.
This photo was taken during their time fighting
fighting the Japanese during World War 2.
Ho Chi Minh was born in French
Indo-China in 1890. He became
active in the communist party while
living in France in the 1920s. He
was the first president of North
Vietnam from 1945 until his death in
1969.
French Indochina War
• BATTLE OF DIEN
BIEN PHU –
LASTED FOR 56
DAYS. FRENCH
SURRENDER TO
VIET MINH BRINGS
PEACE TREATY
AND FRENCH EXIT
FROM
INDOCHINA.
VIETNAM WAR
AMERICAN MILITARY LEARNS NOTHING FROM
FRENCH DEFEAT AT DIEN BIEN PHU.
• U.S. MARINES WILL REPEAT ALMOST THE SAME THING AT THE
BATTLE OF KHE SANH IN 1968.
FRENCH 1954
AMERICANS 1968
Vietnam War Cont.
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United States become involved in the early 1960s.
1963- 16,300 U.S. military “advisors.”
1965 – 50,000 U.S. Marines enter South Vietnam
1968 – 536,000 U.S. troops in South Vietnam
Why did the U.S. go to war in South Vietnam?
The U.S. government felt it had a duty to protect all countries
from communism. It was part of the cold war policy of
containment. The U.S. government believed if one country
fell to communism, so would its neighbors, one after the
other. This became known as the “Domino Theory.”
U.S. Involvement In Vietnam
• U.S. involvement in Vietnam caused massive
civil unrest in the United States.
• Not since the American Civil War, had the
country been so divided.
• There were huge protests and riots around the
country in opposition to the war and the draft
and the U.S. invasion of Cambodia and the
spread of the war into Laos.
• The draft was forced conscription in to the army.
Opposition to Vietnam War
• USA citizens divided on whether or not to
become involved in the war.
• Many felt it was not “our place” to become
involved.
• Protests- Kent State
• Music –OHIO by
Crosby, Stills, Nash, &
Young.
Fall of Vietnam
U.S. troops began to turn the defense over to
the South Vietnamese military and leave
Vietnam. This process of turning over
Vietnam to the Vietnamese was called
Vietnamization.
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By 1972, there were only about 24,000 U.S.
troops left in Vietnam.
1975- North Vietnam takes full control of the
country.
Following the Vietnam War, the entire peninsula
becomes communist.
The Vietnam war had ended in defeat and failure
for the United States. Vietnam was a united
communist country, and it had cost 58,156 U.S.
deaths, and over 400,000 North Vietnamese and
Viet Cong deaths. Approximately 587,000
Vietnamese civilians had been killed.
North Vietnamese tank in Saigon, now
known as Ho Chi Minh City.
Optional
Comparison Cartoons
• Each person will be assigned 1 topic to depict
in their cartoon
• The cartoon must be composed of 3 slides
that depict your assigned topic.
• Your cartoons must be colored
• Must include a caption or quote on each slide.