Transcript 2-5 Ch 25-1 US in Vietnam

Textbook Assignment (pp.772-775)
Section 1: The U.S. Focuses on Vietnam
1) Who was Ho Chi Minh and what were his goals
for Vietnam?
2) What two events convinced President Truman to
help France maintain control of Vietnam after
World War II and why did President Eisenhower
continue this policy?
3) What were the results of the Battle of Dien Bien
Phu in 1954?
4) According to the Geneva Accords, Vietnam was
suppose to hold elections in 1956, but why did
the United States and South Vietnamese leader
Ngo Dinh Diem refuse to?
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Ch 25 Sec 1 “The U.S. and Vietnam”
•
Ho Chi Minh – Vietnamese nationalist who’s primary goal
was for Vietnam to no longer be a colony of France
•
Vietminh - mix of communists and non-communist
Vietnamese who worked to remove France from Vietnam
•
Domino Theory – Eisenhower’s fear that if you let one
nation fall to communism then others would follow after.
•
guerilla fighting - hit and run tactics of war that included
ambushes. Very affective strategy for the Vietminh.
•
Dien Bien Phu- The French are defeated by the Vietminh
despite U.S. aid in supplies and decide to leave Vietnam.
•
Geneva Accords – Vietnam is temporarily divided at the
17th Parallel between communists and western govt. with
elections scheduled in two years to determine their united
future
•
Ngo Dinh Diem - Pro-Western anti-communist supported
by the U.S. and refused to take part in elections in 1956
declaring South Vietnam independent from communism.
The Week in Preview (Feb 2nd – 6th)
Mon (2/2)
Tue (2/3)
Wed (2/4)
Ch 21 Sec 1 “Origins of the Cold War”
Ch 21 Sec 2 “Cold War in Europe (Berlin Airlift)”
Ch 21 Sec 2 “Cold War in Asia (Korean War)”
Reading Quiz Tutorial after school (2:45 – 3:15)
Thu (2/5)
Ch 25 Sec 1 “The U.S. and Vietnam in the 1950s”
Fri (2/6)
Open Note Reading Quiz – Ch 21 Sec 3
______“The Cold War and American Society” pp. 668-674______
Mon (2/9)
Progress Report Grades Due
Fri (2/13)
TEST – “The Origins of the Cold War”
Ch 21 and Ch 25 Sec 1
Chapter Objectives
Section 1: The United States Focuses
on Vietnam
• Describe the nationalist motives of
Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh. 
• Explain the origins of American involvement in
Vietnam during the 1950s.
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Guide to Reading
Main Idea
American efforts to stop the spread of communism
led to U.S. involvement in the affairs of Vietnam. 
Key Terms and Names
• Ho Chi Minh 
• Dien Bien Phu 
• domino theory 
• Ngo Dinh Diem
• guerrilla 
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Vietnam
(128,527
square miles)
is only ½ the
size of the
entire state of
Texas.
The war in Vietnam will become the first
“televised” war with images burned into the
minds of many American’s memories.
Early American Involvement in Vietnam
• Although little was
known about Vietnam
in the late 1940s and
early 1950s,
American officials felt
Vietnam was
important in their
campaign to contain
the spread of
communism.
(pages 772–774)
Early American Involvement in Vietnam
• During the early 1900s, nationalism was strong in
Vietnam.
• As the Vietnamese
sought independence
or reform of the French
colonial government,
several political parties
formed.
• One of the leaders of
the nationalist
movement was Ho Chi
Minh who, during his
travels to the Soviet
Union, had become an
advocate of
communism.
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(pages 772–774)
Early American Involvement in Vietnam
• In 1930 Ho Chi Minh helped form the Indochinese
Communist Party and worked to overthrow the French.
• Ho Chi Minh was
exiled to the Soviet
Union and China.
• Upon his return to
Vietnam in 1941,
Japan had control of
the country.
• He organized the
nationalist group,
Vietminh, which
united Communists
and non-Communists
to force Japan out.
(pages 772–774)
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Early American Involvement in Vietnam
• With the Allies’ victory over Japan in 1945, Ho Chi Minh
and his forces declared Vietnam an independent
nation.
• France sent in troops
to regain its colonial
empire.
• France asked the
United States for
help.
• American officials
were against France
controlling Vietnam,
but they did not want
Vietnam to be
Communist either.
(pages 772–774)
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Ho Chi Minh a Jeffersonian?
After Japan was defeated in
World War II, Ho Chi Minh,
who had spent some time
studying in the United States,
drafted a Vietnamese
Declaration of Independence
that included the words…
“All men are created equal;
they are endowed by their
Creator with certain
inalienable rights; among
these are liberty, life, and the
pursuit of happiness”
Early American Involvement in Vietnam
• The United States, under the Truman and
Eisenhower administrations, supported the French
military and their campaign against the Vietminh.
• Eisenhower defended the
United States policy in
Vietnam with the domino
theory–the belief that if
Vietnam fell to communism,
other nations in Southeast
Asia would do the same.
(pages 772–774)
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The Vietminh Drive Out the French
• Despite aid from the United States, the French
struggled against the Vietminh.
• The Vietminh
frequently used the
tactics of
guerrillas, or
irregular troops
who usually blend
into civilian
population and are
difficult for regular
armies to fight.
• They used hit-andrun and ambush
tactics.
(pages 774–775)
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The Vietminh Drive Out the French
• In 1954 the French commander ordered his forces to
occupy the mountain town of Dien Bien Phu.
(pages 774–775)
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The Vietminh Drive Out the French
• A huge Vietminh force surrounded the town.
(pages 774–775)
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The Vietminh Drive Out the French
• The defeated French were forced to make peace
and withdraw from Indochina.
(pages 774–775)
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The Vietminh Drive Out the French
• Negotiations to end
the conflict, called
the Geneva
Accords, divided
Vietnam between
the Vietminh
controlling North
Vietnam and a proWestern regime in
South Vietnam.
• The Accords also
recognized
Cambodia’s
independence.
(pages 774–775)
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The Vietminh Drive Out the French
• In 1956 elections were held to form a single
government.
• The United States
stepped in to protect
the new government
in the South led by
Ngo Dinh Diem, a
pro-Westerner and
anti-Communist.
• The tension between
North and South
Vietnam escalated
with the United
States caught in the
middle.
(pages 774–775)
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Ch 25 Sec 1 Review