Transcript Human Body Review PPTx

HUMAN BODY
SYSTEMS REVIEW
September 2016
Directions
• There will be a total of 4 stations
• 1. Respiratory System
• 2. Digestive System
• 3. Circulatory System
• 4. Excretory System
• You will have 10 minutes at each station to answer the
questions
• There are various materials at each station to help you
• You are to write all your answers in your notebook
• Whatever you do not complete at your station in class will be
completed for homework
Systems of the Body Review
Respiratory System
• Brings oxygen (O2) into the body and carries Carbon Dioxide (CO2) out
of the body
• Nose –
• Air enters the body (from nostrils to nasal passage)
• Mouth –
• Air enters the body
• Trachea –
• The airway through which respiratory air travels. Also called your windpipe
• Bronchi –
• The trachea divides into 2 main bronchi.
• The bronchi extend into the lungs spreading in a tree-like manner as bronchial
tubes which then leads to the bronchioles
• Lungs –
• Transport O2 from the atmosphere into the blood and release CO2 from the
blood into the atmosphere
Digestive System
• Breaks down of food and absorption of nutrients
• Mouth –
• Food is broken down mechanically (chewing) and chemically (saliva)
• Esophagus –
• Food is carried to the stomach by muscle movement
• Stomach –
• Food is chemically broken down by acids and digestive juices
• Small Intestine –
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bodies blood stream
Digestive System
• Large Intestine –
• Water is removed after nutrients have been absorbed
• Rectum –
• Lower portion of large intestines. Feces are stored here before being
excreted (released)
• Anus –
• Feces are excreted
• Liver –
• Produces bile which aids in digestion
• Gallbladder –
• Stores bile and releases the bile into the small intestine
• Pancreas –
• Produces pancreatic juice (mixture of enzymes) which help bile in the
small intestine to break down proteins, starches, and fats
1
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5
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6
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mouth
liver
gallbladder
9 large intestine
.
1
1.
anus
2
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salivary
glands
3
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esophagus
4
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stomach
7
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pancreas
8
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small
intestine
1
0.
rectum
When you increase your activity level:
• What do the cells need to do?
• How will the systems of the body respond/help?
Circulatory System
• Transports nutrients, hormones, oxygen, water to cells.
Removes wastes and carbon dioxide from cells.
• Heart –
• Pumps blood throughout the body.
• Blood vessels –
• Network of “highways” (arteries, veins, capillaries) that transport
materials.
• Blood –
• Specialized body fluid that delivers substances to and from the
cells.
• Lymph Nodes –
• A small ball-shaped organ of the immune system. Lymph nodes are
found all through the body, and act as filters or traps for foreign
particles.
Excretory System
• Removes all wastes, toxins, and other materials from the body
• Kidneys –
• Filters our body’s important materials and wastes (such as acids,
glucose, water, etc.).
• Any excess materials are passed to the bladder as urine
• Bladder –
• Stores wastes from the kidneys in the form of urine
• Urethra –
• Tube that connects to the bladder then allows urine to exit the body
Wastes are also excreted through the respiratory system,
integumentary system, and the digestive system.
Other Human Body Systems
Skeletal System
• Protects and supports the body and organs, works with
skeletal muscles, produces red and white blood cells and
platelets
• Bones –
• Structure that makes up the skeletal system
• Ligaments –
• Stringy connective tissue that holds bone together
• Cartilage –
• Flexible tissue that gives support and shape to the body parts
Muscular System
• To move limbs and trunk, to move substances through the body, to
provide structure and support
• Skeletal Muscles –
• Attaches to bone and moves bone
• Voluntary Movement – muscles can become tired
• Smooth Muscles –
• Controls breathing, blood pressure, and digestive movement
• Involuntary Movement – muscles do not tire
• Cardiac Muscles –
• Found in the heart
• Involuntary Movement -- muscles do not tire
• Muscle Tissues –
• Composed of muscle fibers that run beside one another and are held together
in bundles or connective tissue
• Tendons –
• Connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
Nervous System
• Network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve
impulses between parts of the body. Nerves are sort of
like wires that carry communication signals or impulses
around the body.
• The nervous system is itself divided into two sections:
The Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and spinal cord.
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): sensory receptors and
motor effectors.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The complex of nerve tissues that controls the
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Connects the central nervous system to the
parts of the body. It carries messages to
and from the central nervous system.
It sends information to the brain and
carries out orders from the brain.
activities of the body.
Helpful Websites
http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.a
spx?p=335&np=152&id=2612
http://www.accuterm.com/life-sciences.html
http://www.innerbody.com/
Body Systems To Be Discussed…
• Reproductive System
• Endocrine System
• Immune System